What causes Alzheimer's disease: The pathophysiology of Amyloid.

Amyloid. 

 Learning objectives

Describe the function of amyloid precursor protein (APP) in normal brain function.
Explain how the processing of APP can lead to pathogenic Aβ generation.
Discuss the differences between amyloidogenic and non-amyloidogenic processing of APP and how they relate to Alzheimer's disease.
Understand the roles of Alpha, Beta, and Gamma secretase in APP processing and how they influence Aβ generation.
Explain why the cleavage location of APP is critical for pathogenic Aβ generation.
Describe how mutations in APP and Gamma secretase can lead to familial Alzheimer's disease.
Discuss the clinical significance of the Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio and how it relates to Alzheimer's disease.
Explain why Aβ42:Aβ40 is lower in Alzheimer's disease and how this relates to amyloid pathology.

By the end of this video, viewers should be able to explain the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease, including the role of APP in normal brain function, the different processing pathways for APP, and how mutations in APP and Gamma secretase can lead to familial Alzheimer's disease. Additionally, viewers should understand the clinical significance of the Aβ42:Aβ40 ratio and how it relates to Alzheimer's disease.