Pullovers DO NOT Train Lats? (Uh Oh)

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This was a clip from here: How to Build Your LATS: The ULTIMATE ...

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In the video (3:28), I said cable pullovers may bias the middle to lower lat regions. Some of you may be questioning this, since when dissecting the leverages the upper, middle, and lower regions have for shoulder extension at in the full guide on lat development, we saw a 2008 Australian paper (by Ackland et al.) found the upper region has more leverage than the middle and lower regions during the angles that are hardest in cable pullovers.

However, there is a problem with this analysis. That is, it is very likely the magnitudes of the middle and lower lat regions are highly underestimated in this Ackland paper. For example, this study (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9356931/) likely examined the middle lat leverages throughout shoulder extension, and the magnitudes were much greater than that presented in the Ackland study.

It's not clear what went wrong in the Ackland study for this to happen.

Nonetheless, I think that during shoulder extension, the upper region only really possesses greater leverage than the middle and lower regions at the lowest shoulder elevation angles (when the arms are near the side), which is the most challenging position in close grip vertical and horizontal pulls.

However, as you get above this, the middle and lower regions have greater leverage, and think it's likely that at the angles where peak forces occur in cable pullovers, the middle and lower regions possess more leverage.

Indeed, there is an open sim model graph, created by N1 education, I came across that supports these ideas: Instagram: CqHLGcBOFau (the MODEL is seen in the 6th image there).