Ophthalmology 190 Cataract Define Types Morphological Congenital Parts of Lens Eye What is Opacity

1:25 Definition of Cataract Define
1:44 Symptoms of Cataract
2:40 Morphological Classification of Cataract - Nuclear, Cortex, Cortical, Capsular, Polar
4:53 Parts of lens
6:28 Congenital Cataract
Playlist Ophthalmology 04 Lens Cataract Eye Le...

Parts of Crystalline Eye Lens Classification opaque
Developmental Cataract
Definition – opacity of lens/ capsule .. Impair the vision
Types
Morphological
Congenital – opaque lens fibres
Acquired – degeneration

Symptoms
Slow painless defective vision
Diplopia, polyopia, glare
Coloured halos

1. Capsular cataract. It involves the capsule and may be:
i. Anterior capsular cataract
ii. Posterior capsular cataract
2. Subcapsular cataract. It involves the superficial most part of the cortex (just below the capsule) and includes:
i. Anterior subcapsular cataract
ii. Posterior subcapsular cataract  - cupuiliform – cup shaped. Cannot see day or night.. Far glares and Near due to small pupil in accomodation
3. Cortical cataract. It involves the major part of the cortex. – cunieform. Cant see in night
4. Supranuclear cataract. It involves only the deeper parts of cortex (just outside the nucleus).
5. Nuclear cataract. It involves the nucleus of the crystalline lens. Cant see in day
6. Polar cataract. It involves the capsule and superficial part of the cortex in the polar region only and may be:
i. Anterior polar cataract
ii. Posterior polar cataract

I. Congenital capsular cataracts
1. Anterior capsular cataract
2. Posterior capsular cataract
II. Polar cataracts
1. Anterior polar cataract
2. Posterior polar cataract – onion whorls
III. Congenital nuclear cataracts
1. Cataracta centralis pulverulenta – embryonic nucleus
2. Lamellar cataract / Zonular – fetal nucleus, riders, spokes of wheel , loss of vision, can be by rubella
3. Sutural and axial cataracts
–– Floriform cataract
–– Coralliform cataract – shape like coral
–– Spear-shaped cataract
–– Anterior axial embryonic cataract
–– Dendritic suture cataract
4. Total nuclear cataract
IV. Generalized cataracts
1. Coronary cataract – adolescent nucleus and deep cortex
2. Blue dot cataract/ punctate  - most common but no loss of vision, adolescent nucleus and deep cortex , in Downs syndrome
               3. Total congenital cataract – maternal rubella - ‘pearly white’ nuclear cataract, Lens matter may remain soft or may even liquify (congenital Morgagnian cataract), salt and pepper chorioretinopathy
     4. Congenital membranous cataract - Cataract is absorbed, leaving a thin membrane behind