nephron structure And Functions | Class 12 Biology
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About This Video!Nephron: The functional
About This Video!
Nephron: The functional units, nephrons, in human kidneys are arranged along two distinct regions,
an outer cortex and an inner medulla. The nephrons arranged along the cortex are called as
cortical, however, those arranged along the border of cortex and medulla with their tubular system
looping deep in inner medulla are juxtamedullary nephrons These juxtamedullary nephrons are
speciically instrumental in the production of concentrated urine
In each nephron inner end forms a cup-shaped swelling, called Bowman’s capsule and it is
around a ball of capillaries called glomerulus. Glomerulus circulates blood through capsule as it
arrives through aferent arteriole and leaves the capsule by eferent arteriole. The blood vessel
subdivides again into another network of capillaries, the peritubular capillaries. Bowman capsule
continues as extensively convoluted proximal tubule, loop of Henle and the distal tubule, which
empties into collecting tubules. The collecting tubules open into pelvis. The iltrate from glomerulus
passes through these structures and is processed ultimately for urine formation. The peritubular
capillaries intermingle with proximal and distal tubules of the nephron. In juxtamedullary nephrons
additional capillaries extend down to form a loop of vessels, vasa recta.
Nephron: The functional units, nephrons, in human kidneys are arranged along two distinct regions,
an outer cortex and an inner medulla. The nephrons arranged along the cortex are called as
cortical, however, those arranged along the border of cortex and medulla with their tubular system
looping deep in inner medulla are juxtamedullary nephrons These juxtamedullary nephrons are
speciically instrumental in the production of concentrated urine
In each nephron inner end forms a cup-shaped swelling, called Bowman’s capsule and it is
around a ball of capillaries called glomerulus. Glomerulus circulates blood through capsule as it
arrives through aferent arteriole and leaves the capsule by eferent arteriole. The blood vessel
subdivides again into another network of capillaries, the peritubular capillaries. Bowman capsule
continues as extensively convoluted proximal tubule, loop of Henle and the distal tubule, which
empties into collecting tubules. The collecting tubules open into pelvis. The iltrate from glomerulus
passes through these structures and is processed ultimately for urine formation. The peritubular
capillaries intermingle with proximal and distal tubules of the nephron. In juxtamedullary nephrons
additional capillaries extend down to form a loop of vessels, vasa recta.
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