Bone elongation - processes at the epiphyseal plate

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• Interstitial lengthening occurs in only certain bones, primarily those of the appendages.
• Such lengthening takes place at the epiphyseal plate, a layer of hyaline cartilage in the metaphysis of a growing bone.

1. Zone of resting cartilage.

• Consisting of a hyaline cartilage pad made of inactive chondrocytes, this zone anchors the plate to the epiphysis.

2. Zone of proliferating cartilage.

• The mitotic proliferation of chondrocytes in this zone pushes the resting cartilage outward, helping to lengthen the diaphysis.

3. Zone of hypertrophic.

• In this zone, chondrocytes are stimulated to mature and enlarge, helping to lengthen the diaphysis.

4. Zone of calcified cartilage.

• This thin zone of dying and dead cartilage cells cements the epiphyseal plate to the diaphysis and borders the creation of new bony matrix.

• Osteoclasts remove the calcified cartilage and make way for osteoblasts to build new spongy bone trabeculae.

• proliferation of chondrocytes increases cell number.
• The increased numbers of chondrocytes enlarge, moving the epiphysis away from the diaphysis. This increases the length of the bone.
• The larger amount of dying cartilage tissue is replaced with bone matrix thereby solidifying the resulting elongation.

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