Class (02) = Shikimic Acid Pathway (Part 01) | Introduction and Role of Shikimic Acid Pathway
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Introduction to basic metabolic pathway Class (01) = Metabolic Pathway | Intr...
Shikimic Acid Pathway
Definition:
The shikimic acid pathway is a metabolic pathway for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan) and folates.
1. The shikmic acid is a key intermediate from carbohydrate for the biosynthesis of C6-C3units (phenyl propane derivative).
2. The name of Shikmic acid comes from the Japanese flower shikimi the Japanese star anise, Illicium anisatum), from which it was first isolated in 1885 by Johan Fredrik Eykman. The elucidation of its structure was made nearly 50 years later. Shikimic acid is also the glycoside part of some hydrolysable tannin.
3. Besides serving as precursor for the biosynthesis of amino acids, Shikmic acid is also an intermediate in production of tannins, flavones, coumarins and vanillin.
4. The shikimic acid pathway converts simple carbohydrate precursors derived from glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway to the aromatic amino acids.
5. The shikimic acid pathway is present in plants, fungi, and bacteria but is not found in animals.
6. This pathway is not found in animals, which require these amino acids, hence the products of this pathway represent essential amino acids that must be obtained from bacteria or plants (or animals which eat bacteria or plants) in the animal's diet.
7. Animals can synthesize tyrosine from phenylalanine, and therefore it is not an essential amino acid except for individuals unable to hydroxylate phenylalanine to tyrosine.
Biosynthetic Precursors:
1. Phospho-enol-pyruvate (derived from glycolysis)
2. Erythrose-4-phosphate (4C sugar, from oxidative pentose phosphate pathway)
3. Nitrogen is derived from several other amino acids: glutame, glycine and serine
Role of Shikimic Acid Pathway:
1. Starting Point in the Biosynthesis of Some Phenolics:
Phenyl alanine and tyrosine are the precursors used in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids. The phenylpropanoids are then used to produce the flavonoids, coumarins, tannins and lignin.
2. Gallic acid biosynthesis Gallic acid is formed from 3-dehydroshikimate by the action of the enzyme shikimate dehydrogenase to produce 3,5-didehydroshikimate. The latter compound spontaneously rearranges to gallic acid.
3. Shikimic acid is a precursor for:
Indole, indole derivatives and aromatic amino acid tryptophan and tryptophan derivatives, many alkaloids and other aromatic metabolites.
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Introduction to basic metabolic pathway Class (01) = Metabolic Pathway | Intr...
Shikimic Acid Pathway
Definition:
The shikimic acid pathway is a metabolic pathway for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acids (phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan) and folates.
1. The shikmic acid is a key intermediate from carbohydrate for the biosynthesis of C6-C3units (phenyl propane derivative).
2. The name of Shikmic acid comes from the Japanese flower shikimi the Japanese star anise, Illicium anisatum), from which it was first isolated in 1885 by Johan Fredrik Eykman. The elucidation of its structure was made nearly 50 years later. Shikimic acid is also the glycoside part of some hydrolysable tannin.
3. Besides serving as precursor for the biosynthesis of amino acids, Shikmic acid is also an intermediate in production of tannins, flavones, coumarins and vanillin.
4. The shikimic acid pathway converts simple carbohydrate precursors derived from glycolysis and the pentose phosphate pathway to the aromatic amino acids.
5. The shikimic acid pathway is present in plants, fungi, and bacteria but is not found in animals.
6. This pathway is not found in animals, which require these amino acids, hence the products of this pathway represent essential amino acids that must be obtained from bacteria or plants (or animals which eat bacteria or plants) in the animal's diet.
7. Animals can synthesize tyrosine from phenylalanine, and therefore it is not an essential amino acid except for individuals unable to hydroxylate phenylalanine to tyrosine.
Biosynthetic Precursors:
1. Phospho-enol-pyruvate (derived from glycolysis)
2. Erythrose-4-phosphate (4C sugar, from oxidative pentose phosphate pathway)
3. Nitrogen is derived from several other amino acids: glutame, glycine and serine
Role of Shikimic Acid Pathway:
1. Starting Point in the Biosynthesis of Some Phenolics:
Phenyl alanine and tyrosine are the precursors used in the biosynthesis of phenylpropanoids. The phenylpropanoids are then used to produce the flavonoids, coumarins, tannins and lignin.
2. Gallic acid biosynthesis Gallic acid is formed from 3-dehydroshikimate by the action of the enzyme shikimate dehydrogenase to produce 3,5-didehydroshikimate. The latter compound spontaneously rearranges to gallic acid.
3. Shikimic acid is a precursor for:
Indole, indole derivatives and aromatic amino acid tryptophan and tryptophan derivatives, many alkaloids and other aromatic metabolites.
Get in touch with the solution by just clicking following links-
Facebook Group- Facebook: solutionpharamcy
Facebook Page- Facebook: pharmavideo
New channel (Pharmacy Dictionary) - @pharmacydictionary
Instagram- Instagram: solutionpharmacy
E-Mail for official and other work - [email protected]
LinkedIn- LinkedIn: pushpendrakpatel
#solutionpharmacy #Pharmacologyclass #GPATonlinetest
5 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1398/06/01 منتشر شده
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