Berwick-upon-Tweed Walk: Town Centre【4K】
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6 ماه پیش
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Located in the county of
Located in the county of Northumberland, and around 60 miles north of Newcastle upon Tyne, is the town of Berwick-upon-Tweed.
Geographically, Berwick is situated on the northern bank of the River Tweed, and around three miles away from the England-Scotland border. Throughout its history it has changed hands between the English and Scottish on multiple occasions. The initial settlement was part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria.
In 1018 the Scots defeated the English at the Battle of Carham, and in its aftermath the River Tweed was established as the eastern section of the border between England and Scotland. Thus Berwick, being on the north bank, became part of Scotland.
In the 12th century King David I of Scotland made Berwick-upon-Tweed a royal burgh, and ordered the construction of a castle. This was taken by the English in 1175 under the terms of the Treaty of Falaise following an English victory at the Second Battle of Alnwick during the previous year. Around 15 years later, Richard I sold the castle back to the Scots in order to fund the Third Crusade.
In 1292 the king of England, Edward I, selected John Balliol to be king of Scotland. This decision was announced from the Great Hall of Berwick Castle two weeks prior to the coronation at Scone. This is believed to have been an attempt by Edward to install a puppet king who would ultimately aid in English expansion. In 1296, however, Balliol invaded England in retaliation for the English going to war with France, with whom Scotland had an alliance. This effectively marked the beginning of the First War of Scottish Independence. Later that same year the Scots launched an unsuccessful attack on Carlisle. In response, the Sack of Berwick took place. The English were victorious, however the battle turned into a massacre as thousands of civilians were killed. It was said that the River Tweed ran red with blood.
Over the two centuries that followed, Berwick changed hands between the English and Scottish on 14 occasions. In 1482 the castle fell into English hands when it was captured by Richard, Duke of Gloucester (who later became Richard III). This marked the point at which the town became part of England permanently.
In 1558 work began on the construction of a set of bastioned town walls. These were effectively an upgrade to earlier defensive walls that were built by Edward I in the aftermath of the Sack of Berwick. The new Elizabethan walls were equipped with heavy guns in order to mitigate the threat of further Scottish invasions.
In 1611 work began on the construction of a 15-span sandstone arch bridge over the River Tweed. This replaced an earlier wooden bridge, and remains standing to this day, making it one of the oldest bridges in England. It features from around the 7-and-a-half minute mark. Immediately opposite is the Royal Tweed Bridge, built between 1925 and 1928, and just upstream from both is the Royal Border Bridge - the town's railway bridge designed by Robert Stephenson, which was opened by Queen Victoria in 1850.
During the mid 18th century Berwick Town Hall was built. It is regarded as one of the finest examples of Georgian architecture in the north of England. Today it functions as a civic building hosting events, meetings, weddings and other ceremonies.
In 1846 the railway arrived in Berwick courtesy of the North British Railway. Initially it provided a link to Edinburgh. In 1847 a new station opened on the site of the Great Hall of Berwick Castle. A temporary viaduct over the River Tweed was in use up until the opening of the Royal Border Bridge in 1850. Today the station is situated on the East Coast Main Line which runs between London King's Cross and Edinburgh Waverley.
Berwick-upon-Tweed is represented in sport by Berwick Rangers Football Club. Founded in 1881, they play their home games at Shielfield Park in Tweedmouth, just south of the river. They have the unique trait of belonging to the Scottish football league system, despite being from England.
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Filmed: 14th September 2023
Link to the walk on Google Maps: Unavailable for this walk (the link between Quay Walls and Palace Street is improperly mapped on Google)
Filmed on a Sony FDR-AX700 with a Zhiyun Crane 2 and a Sony ECM-XYST1M Stereo Microphone.
TIMESTAMPS:
0:00 Scots Gate
1:12 Town walls
1:38 Meg's Mount
3:26 Town walls
3:48 Bank Hill
6:33 Bridge Terrace
7:24 Old Bridge
9:32 Quay Walls
13:35 Palace Street
15:34 Sandgate
16:34 Bridge Street
18:33 West Street
20:22 Marygate
24:29 Church Street
Geographically, Berwick is situated on the northern bank of the River Tweed, and around three miles away from the England-Scotland border. Throughout its history it has changed hands between the English and Scottish on multiple occasions. The initial settlement was part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Northumbria.
In 1018 the Scots defeated the English at the Battle of Carham, and in its aftermath the River Tweed was established as the eastern section of the border between England and Scotland. Thus Berwick, being on the north bank, became part of Scotland.
In the 12th century King David I of Scotland made Berwick-upon-Tweed a royal burgh, and ordered the construction of a castle. This was taken by the English in 1175 under the terms of the Treaty of Falaise following an English victory at the Second Battle of Alnwick during the previous year. Around 15 years later, Richard I sold the castle back to the Scots in order to fund the Third Crusade.
In 1292 the king of England, Edward I, selected John Balliol to be king of Scotland. This decision was announced from the Great Hall of Berwick Castle two weeks prior to the coronation at Scone. This is believed to have been an attempt by Edward to install a puppet king who would ultimately aid in English expansion. In 1296, however, Balliol invaded England in retaliation for the English going to war with France, with whom Scotland had an alliance. This effectively marked the beginning of the First War of Scottish Independence. Later that same year the Scots launched an unsuccessful attack on Carlisle. In response, the Sack of Berwick took place. The English were victorious, however the battle turned into a massacre as thousands of civilians were killed. It was said that the River Tweed ran red with blood.
Over the two centuries that followed, Berwick changed hands between the English and Scottish on 14 occasions. In 1482 the castle fell into English hands when it was captured by Richard, Duke of Gloucester (who later became Richard III). This marked the point at which the town became part of England permanently.
In 1558 work began on the construction of a set of bastioned town walls. These were effectively an upgrade to earlier defensive walls that were built by Edward I in the aftermath of the Sack of Berwick. The new Elizabethan walls were equipped with heavy guns in order to mitigate the threat of further Scottish invasions.
In 1611 work began on the construction of a 15-span sandstone arch bridge over the River Tweed. This replaced an earlier wooden bridge, and remains standing to this day, making it one of the oldest bridges in England. It features from around the 7-and-a-half minute mark. Immediately opposite is the Royal Tweed Bridge, built between 1925 and 1928, and just upstream from both is the Royal Border Bridge - the town's railway bridge designed by Robert Stephenson, which was opened by Queen Victoria in 1850.
During the mid 18th century Berwick Town Hall was built. It is regarded as one of the finest examples of Georgian architecture in the north of England. Today it functions as a civic building hosting events, meetings, weddings and other ceremonies.
In 1846 the railway arrived in Berwick courtesy of the North British Railway. Initially it provided a link to Edinburgh. In 1847 a new station opened on the site of the Great Hall of Berwick Castle. A temporary viaduct over the River Tweed was in use up until the opening of the Royal Border Bridge in 1850. Today the station is situated on the East Coast Main Line which runs between London King's Cross and Edinburgh Waverley.
Berwick-upon-Tweed is represented in sport by Berwick Rangers Football Club. Founded in 1881, they play their home games at Shielfield Park in Tweedmouth, just south of the river. They have the unique trait of belonging to the Scottish football league system, despite being from England.
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https://www.youtube.com/4KExplorer?su...
Filmed: 14th September 2023
Link to the walk on Google Maps: Unavailable for this walk (the link between Quay Walls and Palace Street is improperly mapped on Google)
Filmed on a Sony FDR-AX700 with a Zhiyun Crane 2 and a Sony ECM-XYST1M Stereo Microphone.
TIMESTAMPS:
0:00 Scots Gate
1:12 Town walls
1:38 Meg's Mount
3:26 Town walls
3:48 Bank Hill
6:33 Bridge Terrace
7:24 Old Bridge
9:32 Quay Walls
13:35 Palace Street
15:34 Sandgate
16:34 Bridge Street
18:33 West Street
20:22 Marygate
24:29 Church Street
6 ماه پیش
در تاریخ 1402/10/09 منتشر شده
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