Structure of Atom Class 11 Chemistry - Discovery of Electron
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4 سال پیش
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Structure of Atom Class 11
Structure of Atom Class 11 Chemistry - Discovery of Electron
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Electric current can be passed through solutions containing ions. This is called electrolysis. During electrolysis, matter from one electrode, accumulates over other electrode. But atom was thought to be the smallest particle of the matter. From these two facts he thought that transfer of matter is nothing but transfer of atoms of that matter.
In mid 1850’s Faraday started studying electrical discharge through partially evacuated glass tube called cathode ray discharge tube. Partially evacuated suggests that, inside of the tube there is low pressure. There are two metal electrodes fused inside the glass tube. These are connected to external supply. The metal electrode which is connected to negative terminal of voltage source is called cathode. And the metal electrode that is connected to positive terminal of voltage source is called anode.
When very high voltage of the range of (5000 - 10000 volts) is applied across these electrodes, then, electric discharge occur between these two electrodes. As a result the tube begins to glow. On reducing the pressure, the glow is replaced by very faint luminous ‘rays’. These are the cathode rays or cathode ray particles. It means that current starts flowing in the gas. Now the question is about the direction of flow of cathode ray particles. It is solved by making a hole in the anode and coating the tube behind anode with fluorescent material such as zinc sulphide. On application of voltage, bright spots can be observed on the coating. This indicate that the cathode ray particles originate from cathode and travel towards anode. Here are the properties of Cathode rays.
Cathode rays move from cathode towards anode.
In general cathode rays are not visible but with the help of fluorescent material they form spots and so, their existence can be observed. This is the principle of working of television picture tubes.
In absence of external electric or magnetic field, cathode rays travel in straight line.
In presence of electric field it is observed that the bright spot get deflected away from negative plate, towards the positive plate. Since, like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract each other hence this indicate that the cathode ray particles are negatively charged. So, the negatively charged particles are called electrons.
You ca access complete course on https://learnfatafat.com/courses/cbse...
Electric current can be passed through solutions containing ions. This is called electrolysis. During electrolysis, matter from one electrode, accumulates over other electrode. But atom was thought to be the smallest particle of the matter. From these two facts he thought that transfer of matter is nothing but transfer of atoms of that matter.
In mid 1850’s Faraday started studying electrical discharge through partially evacuated glass tube called cathode ray discharge tube. Partially evacuated suggests that, inside of the tube there is low pressure. There are two metal electrodes fused inside the glass tube. These are connected to external supply. The metal electrode which is connected to negative terminal of voltage source is called cathode. And the metal electrode that is connected to positive terminal of voltage source is called anode.
When very high voltage of the range of (5000 - 10000 volts) is applied across these electrodes, then, electric discharge occur between these two electrodes. As a result the tube begins to glow. On reducing the pressure, the glow is replaced by very faint luminous ‘rays’. These are the cathode rays or cathode ray particles. It means that current starts flowing in the gas. Now the question is about the direction of flow of cathode ray particles. It is solved by making a hole in the anode and coating the tube behind anode with fluorescent material such as zinc sulphide. On application of voltage, bright spots can be observed on the coating. This indicate that the cathode ray particles originate from cathode and travel towards anode. Here are the properties of Cathode rays.
Cathode rays move from cathode towards anode.
In general cathode rays are not visible but with the help of fluorescent material they form spots and so, their existence can be observed. This is the principle of working of television picture tubes.
In absence of external electric or magnetic field, cathode rays travel in straight line.
In presence of electric field it is observed that the bright spot get deflected away from negative plate, towards the positive plate. Since, like charges repel each other and unlike charges attract each other hence this indicate that the cathode ray particles are negatively charged. So, the negatively charged particles are called electrons.
4 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1399/02/27 منتشر شده
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