MEMORY AND FORGETTING CHAPTER 4 PART 2 || Psychology || for freshman students #freshman
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power point :-docs.google.com/presentation/d/1Mywd8_iRPbDzvTBLLm…
topic's timestamp:
0:00 Intro
0:42 Forgetting
2:05 Theories of Forgetting
2:18 The Decay Theory
3:56 Interference
4:52 New Memory for Old/ Displacement Theory
6:03 Motivated Forgetting
6:39 Cue Dependent Forgetting
8:51 Improving Memory
11:59 Summary
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General Psychology CHAPTER ONE ESSENCE OF PSYCHOLOGY
At the end of this chapter, you are expected to understand the:
meaning of sensation and perception
difference and similarities of sensation and perception
factors affecting sensation and perception
principles of sensation and perception, and
reasons for sensory and perceptual differences amount individuals.
Memory is the retention of information/what is learned earlier over time. It is the way in which we record the past for later use in the present.
Memory is a blanket label for a large number of processes that form the bridges between our past and our present.
Memory processes are the mental activities we perform to put information into memory, to keep it there, and to make use of it later. This involves three basic steps:
a) Encoding: Taken from computer science, the term encoding refers to the form (i.e. the code) in which an item of information is to be placed in memory.
It is the process by which information is initially recorded in a form usable to memory. In encoding we transform a sensory input into a form or a memory code that can be further processed.
b) Storage: To be remembered the encoded experience must leave some record in the nervous system (the memory trace); it must be squirreled away and held in some more or less enduring form for later use. This is what memory specialists mean when they speak of placing information in storage. It is the location in memory system in which material is saved. Storage is the persistence of information in memory.
c) Retrieval: is the point at which one tries to remember to dredge up a particular memory trace from among all the others we have stored. In retrieval, material in memory storage is located, brought into awareness and used.
Failure to remember can result from problems during any of the three phases of the memory process (see Figure). If, for example, you encode a memory?
new item of information only as a sound pattern, there would be no memory trace of its meaning. If both the sound and the meaning were encoded and held for the length of the retention interval, the item might have been misfiled in memory. If so, the item might be impossible to retrieve even though it is still stored in memory.
Memory is the process by which information is encoded (phase1), stored (phase 2) and later retrieved (phase 3).
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2 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1401/04/08 منتشر شده
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