Pharmacology of Antimycobacterial Drugs |TB drugs| ፋርማኮሎጂ| #pharmacy #nurse #doctor |Ethiopia|
2 هزار بار بازدید -
7 ماه پیش
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@Antimycobacterial @Drugs@introduction
@Antimycobacterial @Drugs
@introduction
Mycobacteria are intrinsically resistant to most antibiotics.
Because they grow more slowly than other bacteria.
Mycobacterial cells can also be dormant and thus completely resistant to many drugs or killed only very slowly.
The lipid-rich mycobacterial cell wall is impermeable to many agents.
Mycobacterial species are intracellular pathogens, and organisms residing within macrophages are inaccessible to drugs that penetrate these cells poorly.
Finally, mycobacteria are notorious for their ability to develop resistance.
Combinations of two or more drugs are required to overcome these obstacles and to prevent emergence of resistance.
The response of mycobacterial infections to chemotherapy is slow, and treatment must be administered for months to years, depending on which drugs are used.
@Antitubercular Agents
Isoniazid (INH), rifampin (or other rifamycin), pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and streptomycin are the five first-line agents for treatment of tuberculosis.
@SECOND-LINE DRUGS FOR TB
The alternative drugs listed below are usually considered only
resistance to first-line agents;
failure of clinical response to conventional therapy; and
serious treatment-limiting adverse drug reactions.
the toxic effects of these second-line drugs is desirable.
the dosage, emergence of resistance, and long-term toxicity have not been fully established.
Ethionamide
Capreomycin
Cycloserine
Aminosalicylic Acid (PAS)
Kanamycin & Amikacin
Fluoroquinolones
Linezolid
Rifabutin
Rifapentine
......
.
.
.
.for more information subscribe, like. share, comment
@introduction
Mycobacteria are intrinsically resistant to most antibiotics.
Because they grow more slowly than other bacteria.
Mycobacterial cells can also be dormant and thus completely resistant to many drugs or killed only very slowly.
The lipid-rich mycobacterial cell wall is impermeable to many agents.
Mycobacterial species are intracellular pathogens, and organisms residing within macrophages are inaccessible to drugs that penetrate these cells poorly.
Finally, mycobacteria are notorious for their ability to develop resistance.
Combinations of two or more drugs are required to overcome these obstacles and to prevent emergence of resistance.
The response of mycobacterial infections to chemotherapy is slow, and treatment must be administered for months to years, depending on which drugs are used.
@Antitubercular Agents
Isoniazid (INH), rifampin (or other rifamycin), pyrazinamide, ethambutol, and streptomycin are the five first-line agents for treatment of tuberculosis.
@SECOND-LINE DRUGS FOR TB
The alternative drugs listed below are usually considered only
resistance to first-line agents;
failure of clinical response to conventional therapy; and
serious treatment-limiting adverse drug reactions.
the toxic effects of these second-line drugs is desirable.
the dosage, emergence of resistance, and long-term toxicity have not been fully established.
Ethionamide
Capreomycin
Cycloserine
Aminosalicylic Acid (PAS)
Kanamycin & Amikacin
Fluoroquinolones
Linezolid
Rifabutin
Rifapentine
......
.
.
.
.for more information subscribe, like. share, comment
7 ماه پیش
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