Basics of the Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT)
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⌚Timestamps:
00:00 - Intro
01:38 - Applications
02:00 - Structure
02:59 - Working
04:19 - Connection
04:39 - Module
=============================
Linear Variable Differential Transformer or LVDT is a long, and somewhat intimidating name for a device that can also simply be described as a linear displacement sensor.
– Devices that include both electrical and mechanical processes are called electromechanical devices.
– Passive devices are not capable of generating energy; they can, however, store and also dissipate energy.
– Inductive refers to energy storage as an electromagnetic field.
– An electronic device that is capable of converting energy between one form into another is called a transducer.
Therefore, from its definition, an LVDT is an electromechanical passive inductive transducer.
It is an electronic device that has both electrical and mechanical processes, it requires an external power source to be able to operate, it stores electromagnetic energy and converts some form of energy into a readable signal… to describe the movement of a body along a sole axis, or what we call linear displacement!
An LVDT Sensor is one of the most accurate and reliable methods for determining linear distances. They can be used to detect vibration, for stress testing, to measure great displacements such as actuator movement, brake pedal travel.
– The LVDT consists of three high-density glass-filled coils, wound around a hollow, insulated tube that is non-magnetic.
– The primary coil is located in the center, and the other two are identical secondary windings, located at an equal distance of the primary coil.
– The differential part of this sensor’s name comes from the fact that those two secondary coils are in opposite phases.
They are electrically 180 degrees out of phase with each other and are connected in series. This connection results in an output that is the difference between the voltages in these two windings.
We can also see a cylindrical-shaped soft iron core that is ferromagnetic, meaning that it is highly susceptible to magnetization. This core is attached to a push rod that slides along the tube. This rod is attached to the body to measure its position displacement.
Continuous alternating current is applied to the primary coil, generating what we call primary excitation and a varying magnetic field. This primary excitation interacts with the secondary coils, which then induces current and voltage to be produced in the secondary coils.
– When the ferrous core is dead centered, which is also called at the null position, the induced magnetic flux to each of the secondary coils is equal. They are electrically 180 degrees out of phase with each other, therefore, they will cancel each other, and the output voltage will be zero.
This characteristic is used when calibrating an LVDT sensor.
As the core moves from this null position, the net induced voltage changes.
– When it moves upwards, the induced magnetic flux on the upper secondary winding is greater than the induced magnetic flux on the lower secondary winding. This results in a positive output voltage.
– When it moves downwards, the induced magnetic flux on the upper secondary winding is less than the induced magnetic flux on the lower secondary winding. This results in a negative output voltage.
Due to those characteristics, the direction in which the body is moving, and the distance can be determined by observing the voltage output increasing or decreasing, and its negative or positive value.
LVDTs can have lead wires or be provided with connection sockets. As both secondary coils are typically wired in series, the sensor has four wires or four connections in its connection socket. However, some LVDTs will provide the secondary coil lead pairs separately.
Today’s technology allows for signal conditioning in a way that prepares it for the next processing phase to be done inside the sensor’s housing.
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▶ You can read the full post here
https://realpars.com/lvdt
⌚Timestamps:
00:00 - Intro
01:38 - Applications
02:00 - Structure
02:59 - Working
04:19 - Connection
04:39 - Module
=============================
Linear Variable Differential Transformer or LVDT is a long, and somewhat intimidating name for a device that can also simply be described as a linear displacement sensor.
– Devices that include both electrical and mechanical processes are called electromechanical devices.
– Passive devices are not capable of generating energy; they can, however, store and also dissipate energy.
– Inductive refers to energy storage as an electromagnetic field.
– An electronic device that is capable of converting energy between one form into another is called a transducer.
Therefore, from its definition, an LVDT is an electromechanical passive inductive transducer.
It is an electronic device that has both electrical and mechanical processes, it requires an external power source to be able to operate, it stores electromagnetic energy and converts some form of energy into a readable signal… to describe the movement of a body along a sole axis, or what we call linear displacement!
An LVDT Sensor is one of the most accurate and reliable methods for determining linear distances. They can be used to detect vibration, for stress testing, to measure great displacements such as actuator movement, brake pedal travel.
– The LVDT consists of three high-density glass-filled coils, wound around a hollow, insulated tube that is non-magnetic.
– The primary coil is located in the center, and the other two are identical secondary windings, located at an equal distance of the primary coil.
– The differential part of this sensor’s name comes from the fact that those two secondary coils are in opposite phases.
They are electrically 180 degrees out of phase with each other and are connected in series. This connection results in an output that is the difference between the voltages in these two windings.
We can also see a cylindrical-shaped soft iron core that is ferromagnetic, meaning that it is highly susceptible to magnetization. This core is attached to a push rod that slides along the tube. This rod is attached to the body to measure its position displacement.
Continuous alternating current is applied to the primary coil, generating what we call primary excitation and a varying magnetic field. This primary excitation interacts with the secondary coils, which then induces current and voltage to be produced in the secondary coils.
– When the ferrous core is dead centered, which is also called at the null position, the induced magnetic flux to each of the secondary coils is equal. They are electrically 180 degrees out of phase with each other, therefore, they will cancel each other, and the output voltage will be zero.
This characteristic is used when calibrating an LVDT sensor.
As the core moves from this null position, the net induced voltage changes.
– When it moves upwards, the induced magnetic flux on the upper secondary winding is greater than the induced magnetic flux on the lower secondary winding. This results in a positive output voltage.
– When it moves downwards, the induced magnetic flux on the upper secondary winding is less than the induced magnetic flux on the lower secondary winding. This results in a negative output voltage.
Due to those characteristics, the direction in which the body is moving, and the distance can be determined by observing the voltage output increasing or decreasing, and its negative or positive value.
LVDTs can have lead wires or be provided with connection sockets. As both secondary coils are typically wired in series, the sensor has four wires or four connections in its connection socket. However, some LVDTs will provide the secondary coil lead pairs separately.
Today’s technology allows for signal conditioning in a way that prepares it for the next processing phase to be done inside the sensor’s housing.
=============================
Get a RealPars pro membership: https://learn.realpars.com/bundles/pro
=============================
Missed our most recent videos? Watch them here:
https://realpars.com/thermocouple
https://realpars.com/pressure-transducer
https://realpars.com/end-of-arm_tool
=============================
To stay up to date with our last videos, make sure to subscribe to this YouTube channel:
http://bit.ly/realpars
=============================
TWEET THIS VIDEO: https://ctt.ac/8bq19
=============================
Follow us on Facebook 👉 Facebook: therealpars
Follow us on Twitter 👉 Twitter: realpars
Follow us on LinkedIn 👉 LinkedIn: realpars
Follow us on Instagram 👉 Instagram: realparsdotcom
#RealPars #LVDT #Transformer
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