Fairbourne & Barmouth Bridge 《 Barmouth Viaduct Bridge 》

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FAIRBOURNE BEACH
Fairbourne, Gwynedd, LL38 2DZ

Fairbourne’s beautiful golden sands are backed by a steep bank of pebbles. They fringe a narrow finger of land that extends most of the way across the mouth of the Mawddach Estuary, with stunning views of mountains, woodlands and the sea. The west-facing side of the beach can receive strong winds, making it ideal for watersports, especially windsurfing, surfing and sailing. The beach has traces of World War Two – its ‘Dragon’s Teeth’ were tank traps to stop the enemy from landing here. The delightful narrow-gauge Fairbourne Railway – the tiniest of Wales’s many ‘little trains’ – runs to the end of the beach, connecting with a small passenger ferry which completes the journey to Barmouth at the opposite side of the estuary. There are dog restriction areas on the beach.

Barmouth Bridge (Welsh: Pont Abermaw), or Barmouth Viaduct is a Grade II* listed single-track wooden railway viaduct across the estuary of the Afon Mawddach near Barmouth, Wales. It is 820 metres (900 yd) long and carries the Cambrian Line. It is the longest timber viaduct in Wales and one of the oldest in regular use in Britain.

Barmouth Bridge was designed by and constructed for the Aberystwith and Welsh Coast Railway on its line between Aberystwyth and Pwllheli. Work was authorised in 1861 and commenced in 1864. On 10 October 1867, the completed bridge was officially opened. Following the discovery of severe corrosion on underwater sections of ironwork, an intensive restoration programme was performed between December 1899 and late 1902. By 1980, the viaduct was under attack by marine woodworm, which led to concerns that it would have to be closed and demolished. Because of its value to tourism, it was repaired between 1985 and 1986, a closure of six months; a weight restriction and ban on locomotive-hauled trains were also introduced. These restrictions have been relaxed since 2005.

The viaduct, between Morfa Mawddach and Barmouth stations in Gwynedd, is used by rail, cyclists, motorcyclists and pedestrians and is part of the National Cycle Route 8. Tolls were collected for foot and cycle traffic up to 2013 but this has been voluntary since 2017. To allow the passage of tall ships, the bridge incorporated a drawbridge, which was replaced between 1899 and 1902 by a swing bridge, which is no longer operational due to a lack of use. There is no provision for road traffic.

Barmouth Bridge crosses the estuary of the Afon Mawddach between Barmouth to the north and Morfa Mawddach near Arthog on the south. It lies within both a Site of Special Scientific Interest and the Snowdonia National Park. The Cambrian Coast Line was operated by Arriva Trains Wales until 2018, and is now operated by Transport for Wales Rail, which provides connecting services north to Pwllheli and east to Machynlleth, Shrewsbury and Birmingham International.

The timber section of the bridge is 699 metres (764 yd) long, and is made up of 113 wooden trestles, each about 5.5 metres (6.0 yd) span, supported by cast iron piers.[4] It is one of the longest timber viaducts standing in Britain, and has been a Grade II* listed structure since its designation on 22 March 1988.

Most of the bridge is built on top of a gravel bed, covered by shifting sand. The northern end of the viaduct, where the swing bridge is located, is next to Figle Fawr, a rock at the base of the Rhinogydd mountains. Water passing through the channel flows at up to 9 knots (17 km/h; 10 mph). The first two spans at this end are built on the rock on cast iron cylindrical piers.[4] The steel swing bridge section, which replaced the original drawbridge,[7] was last opened (for testing) in April 1987. The installation of continuous rail across the movable section now prevents its movement, and the passage of tall ships in and out of the estuary.All mechanisms associated with the swing bridge, however, are left in situ, in accordance with the Grade II* listing of the structure.

Pedestrians, motorcyclists and cyclists and can cross the estuary via the footbridge on the bridge's eastern side.Since 1996, the footbridge has been part of National Cycle Route 8 linking Cardiff and Holyhead. The footbridge is owned by Network Rail, and Gwynedd Council contributes 10 per cent of its annual maintenance cost in exchange for a licence to use it.

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Fairbourne & Barmouth Bridge 《 Barmouth Viaduct Bridge 》
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2 سال پیش در تاریخ 1401/06/14 منتشر شده است.
3,697 بـار بازدید شده
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