💯 The Sulphur Extraction and the Frasch Process Explained
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8 سال پیش
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Properties of Sulfur
Sulfur is an industrially important element.
Mainly used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid.
Its properties allow us to easily extract it from the earth.
Melting point: .
Reactivity: Low, found as pure element in many locations.
Solubility: Not soluble in water.
Frasch process
The modern method for sulfur extraction is known as the Frasch process. This method, which accounts for 60% of the sulfur production, is used to extract sulfur deposits from overlying beds of sand and clay. Sulfur is also obtained in some countries (e.g. Canada) from natural gas deposits that are rich in hydrogen sulfide. The steps of the Frasch process are:
• A drill hole is bored down to the sulfur deposit. A series of concentric pipes is then placed into the hole.
• Superheated steam, pressurised water at 160 °C and pressurised air are then injected into the sulfur deposit through separate pipes.
• Sulfur has a low melting point (113 °C) and readily melts under these conditions. Sulfur is also insoluble in water and has a low density(2.07 g cm–3). Thus, a liquid sulfur-air foam is readily formed.
• The high pressure forces this foam to the surface through another pipe.
• The liquid sulfur quickly cools and as it solidifies it separates from the water. It is collected in large bins.
Sulfur is non-toxic, non-volatile and odourless. Potential environmental problems include:
• thermal pollution of the local environment due to the use of superheated steam. Recycling of this hot water is essential.
• earth subsidence due to the removal of the sulfur beds.
• oxidation of sulfur to sulfur dioxide. This is not a significant problem under the conditions employed.
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Properties of Sulfur
Sulfur is an industrially important element.
Mainly used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid.
Its properties allow us to easily extract it from the earth.
Melting point: .
Reactivity: Low, found as pure element in many locations.
Solubility: Not soluble in water.
Frasch process
The modern method for sulfur extraction is known as the Frasch process. This method, which accounts for 60% of the sulfur production, is used to extract sulfur deposits from overlying beds of sand and clay. Sulfur is also obtained in some countries (e.g. Canada) from natural gas deposits that are rich in hydrogen sulfide. The steps of the Frasch process are:
• A drill hole is bored down to the sulfur deposit. A series of concentric pipes is then placed into the hole.
• Superheated steam, pressurised water at 160 °C and pressurised air are then injected into the sulfur deposit through separate pipes.
• Sulfur has a low melting point (113 °C) and readily melts under these conditions. Sulfur is also insoluble in water and has a low density(2.07 g cm–3). Thus, a liquid sulfur-air foam is readily formed.
• The high pressure forces this foam to the surface through another pipe.
• The liquid sulfur quickly cools and as it solidifies it separates from the water. It is collected in large bins.
Sulfur is non-toxic, non-volatile and odourless. Potential environmental problems include:
• thermal pollution of the local environment due to the use of superheated steam. Recycling of this hot water is essential.
• earth subsidence due to the removal of the sulfur beds.
• oxidation of sulfur to sulfur dioxide. This is not a significant problem under the conditions employed.
8 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1394/12/12 منتشر شده
است.
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