HOW DID PAKISTAN BECOME ATOMIC POWER?
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HOW DID PAKISTAN BECOME ATOMIC
HOW DID PAKISTAN BECOME ATOMIC POWER? | WHO IS THE ACTUAL HERO?
Pakistan is one of nine states to possess nuclear weapons. Pakistan began development of nuclear weapons in January 1972 under Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who delegated the program to the Chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) Munir Ahmad Khan with a commitment to having the bomb ready by the end of 1976. Since PAEC, consisting of over twenty laboratories and projects under nuclear engineer Munir Ahmad Khan, was falling behind schedule and having considerable difficulty producing fissile material, Abdul Qadeer Khan was brought from Europe by Bhutto at the end of 1974. As pointed out by Houston Wood, "The most difficult step in building a nuclear weapon is the production of fissile material"; as such, this work in producing fissile material as head of the Kahuta Project was pivotal to Pakistan developing the capability to detonate a nuclear bomb by the end of 1984.
Pakistan's nuclear weapons development was in response to the loss of East Pakistan in 1971's Bangladesh Liberation War. Bhutto called a meeting of senior scientists and engineers on 20 January 1972, in Multan, which came to known as "Multan meeting". Bhutto was the main architect of this programme, and it was here that Bhutto orchestrated the nuclear weapons programme and rallied Pakistan's academic scientists to build an atomic bomb in three years for national survival.
At the Multan meeting, Bhutto also appointed Munir Ahmad Khan as chairman of PAEC, who, until then, had been working as director at the nuclear power and Reactor Division of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), in Vienna, Austria. In December 1972, Abdus Salam led the establishment of Theoretical Physics Group (TPG) as he called scientists working at ICTP to report to Munir Ahmad Khan. This marked the beginning of Pakistan's pursuit of nuclear deterrence capability. Following India's surprise nuclear test, codenamed Smiling Buddha in 1974, the first confirmed nuclear test by a nation outside the permanent five members of the United Nations Security Council, the goal to develop nuclear weapons received considerable impetus.
Finally, on 28 May 1998, a few weeks after India's second nuclear test (Operation Shakti), Pakistan detonated five nuclear devices in the Ras Koh Hills in the Chagai district, Balochistan. This operation was named Chagai-I by Pakistan, the underground iron-steel tunnel having been long-constructed by provincial martial law administrator General Rahimuddin Khan during the 1980s. The last test of Pakistan was conducted at the sandy Kharan Desert under the codename Chagai-II, also in Balochistan, on 30 May 1998. Pakistan's fissile material production takes place at Nilore, Kahuta, and Khushab Nuclear Complex, where weapons-grade plutonium is refined. Pakistan thus became the seventh country in the world to successfully develop and test nuclear weapons. Although, according to a letter sent by A.Q. Khan to General Zia, the capability to detonate a nuclear bomb using highly enriched uranium as fissile material produced at KRL had been achieved by KRL in 1984.
Disclaimer:
Any footage in this video has only been used to communicate a message (understandable) to audience. According to my knowledge, it’s a fair use under reviews and commentary section. We don't plan to violate anyone's right. Thanks for watching.
Music:
Aye Watan Pyare Watan | Instrumental Ziauddin Zia Silverhood Private Ltd
Aye Watan Pyare Watan | Instrumental
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Courtesy:
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
AP Archive
WAQT News (Himmler7)
Studio McGraw
PTV News
Geo News
BBC Studios
Al Jazeera English
Scott Manley
URENCO Netherlands
S.K Gaming abpnews.in
mikolajcolin
PBS NewsHour
VIDEO LINKS:
North Korean Nuclear Blast Footage
North Korean Nuclear Blast Footage
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission | Documentary
https://paec.gov.pk/
Hanford B Reactor Making plutonium for nuclear weapons Hanford B Reactor: Making plutonium f...
SYND 24 12 71 NEW PRESIDENT BHUTTO HOLDS PRESS CONFERENCE SYND 24 12 71 NEW PRESIDENT BHUTTO HO...
‘Father of Pakistan’s nuclear programme’ Abdul Qadeer Khan dies ‘Father of Pakistan’s nuclear program...
630 - Electromagnetic method of isotopes separation.
630 - Electromagnetic method of isoto...
Bedrijfsfilm URENCO
Video
Hiroshima: Dropping The Bomb - Hiroshima - BBC Hiroshima: Dropping The Bomb - Hirosh...
Castle Bravo The Big One
Video
A look at the life of A.Q. Khan, scientist behind Pakistan's nuclear weapons program
A look at the life of A.Q. Khan, scie...
Pakistan is one of nine states to possess nuclear weapons. Pakistan began development of nuclear weapons in January 1972 under Prime Minister Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, who delegated the program to the Chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) Munir Ahmad Khan with a commitment to having the bomb ready by the end of 1976. Since PAEC, consisting of over twenty laboratories and projects under nuclear engineer Munir Ahmad Khan, was falling behind schedule and having considerable difficulty producing fissile material, Abdul Qadeer Khan was brought from Europe by Bhutto at the end of 1974. As pointed out by Houston Wood, "The most difficult step in building a nuclear weapon is the production of fissile material"; as such, this work in producing fissile material as head of the Kahuta Project was pivotal to Pakistan developing the capability to detonate a nuclear bomb by the end of 1984.
Pakistan's nuclear weapons development was in response to the loss of East Pakistan in 1971's Bangladesh Liberation War. Bhutto called a meeting of senior scientists and engineers on 20 January 1972, in Multan, which came to known as "Multan meeting". Bhutto was the main architect of this programme, and it was here that Bhutto orchestrated the nuclear weapons programme and rallied Pakistan's academic scientists to build an atomic bomb in three years for national survival.
At the Multan meeting, Bhutto also appointed Munir Ahmad Khan as chairman of PAEC, who, until then, had been working as director at the nuclear power and Reactor Division of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), in Vienna, Austria. In December 1972, Abdus Salam led the establishment of Theoretical Physics Group (TPG) as he called scientists working at ICTP to report to Munir Ahmad Khan. This marked the beginning of Pakistan's pursuit of nuclear deterrence capability. Following India's surprise nuclear test, codenamed Smiling Buddha in 1974, the first confirmed nuclear test by a nation outside the permanent five members of the United Nations Security Council, the goal to develop nuclear weapons received considerable impetus.
Finally, on 28 May 1998, a few weeks after India's second nuclear test (Operation Shakti), Pakistan detonated five nuclear devices in the Ras Koh Hills in the Chagai district, Balochistan. This operation was named Chagai-I by Pakistan, the underground iron-steel tunnel having been long-constructed by provincial martial law administrator General Rahimuddin Khan during the 1980s. The last test of Pakistan was conducted at the sandy Kharan Desert under the codename Chagai-II, also in Balochistan, on 30 May 1998. Pakistan's fissile material production takes place at Nilore, Kahuta, and Khushab Nuclear Complex, where weapons-grade plutonium is refined. Pakistan thus became the seventh country in the world to successfully develop and test nuclear weapons. Although, according to a letter sent by A.Q. Khan to General Zia, the capability to detonate a nuclear bomb using highly enriched uranium as fissile material produced at KRL had been achieved by KRL in 1984.
Disclaimer:
Any footage in this video has only been used to communicate a message (understandable) to audience. According to my knowledge, it’s a fair use under reviews and commentary section. We don't plan to violate anyone's right. Thanks for watching.
Music:
Aye Watan Pyare Watan | Instrumental Ziauddin Zia Silverhood Private Ltd
Aye Watan Pyare Watan | Instrumental
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
Courtesy:
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission
AP Archive
WAQT News (Himmler7)
Studio McGraw
PTV News
Geo News
BBC Studios
Al Jazeera English
Scott Manley
URENCO Netherlands
S.K Gaming abpnews.in
mikolajcolin
PBS NewsHour
VIDEO LINKS:
North Korean Nuclear Blast Footage
North Korean Nuclear Blast Footage
Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission | Documentary
https://paec.gov.pk/
Hanford B Reactor Making plutonium for nuclear weapons Hanford B Reactor: Making plutonium f...
SYND 24 12 71 NEW PRESIDENT BHUTTO HOLDS PRESS CONFERENCE SYND 24 12 71 NEW PRESIDENT BHUTTO HO...
‘Father of Pakistan’s nuclear programme’ Abdul Qadeer Khan dies ‘Father of Pakistan’s nuclear program...
630 - Electromagnetic method of isotopes separation.
630 - Electromagnetic method of isoto...
Bedrijfsfilm URENCO
Video
Hiroshima: Dropping The Bomb - Hiroshima - BBC Hiroshima: Dropping The Bomb - Hirosh...
Castle Bravo The Big One
Video
A look at the life of A.Q. Khan, scientist behind Pakistan's nuclear weapons program
A look at the life of A.Q. Khan, scie...
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