Inter-VLAN Configuration Multi Layer Switch | Step by Step | Cisco Packet tracer
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nter-VLAN routing, also known as
nter-VLAN routing, also known as VLAN routing or router-on-a-stick, is a networking technique that allows communication between different virtual LANs (VLANs) within the same network. VLANs are used to logically segment a physical network into multiple smaller, isolated broadcast domains, improving network efficiency, security, and management. Inter-VLAN routing enables data to flow between these VLANs, which would otherwise be isolated from each other.
Here's how inter-VLAN routing works:
VLAN Creation: First, you need to create VLANs on your managed switch or router. Each VLAN represents a separate logical network. For example, you might have VLAN 10 for the marketing department and VLAN 20 for the engineering department.
Assigning VLANs: Devices, such as computers or servers, are assigned to specific VLANs based on their network requirements. This assignment is typically done either at the switch port level (port-based VLAN) or by configuring the device's network interface (802.1Q tagging).
Router Configuration: To enable inter-VLAN communication, you need to configure your router. This can be done in different ways:
Router-on-a-Stick: In this method, a single physical interface on the router is used for routing between multiple VLANs. The router examines VLAN tags (802.1Q) to determine which VLAN a packet belongs to and routes it accordingly.
Layer 3 Switch: Some managed switches have Layer 3 capabilities, allowing them to perform inter-VLAN routing. In this case, routing occurs within the switch itself, eliminating the need for an external router.
Routing Configuration: On the router or Layer 3 switch, you set up routing interfaces for each VLAN. Each routing interface is assigned an IP address in the respective VLAN's subnet. This IP address is used as the default gateway for devices within that VLAN.
Routing Tables: The router maintains routing tables to keep track of which VLANs are associated with which IP subnets. It uses this information to forward traffic between VLANs.
ACLs (Access Control Lists): You can implement ACLs to control and restrict the traffic flow between VLANs. This adds a layer of security to the inter-VLAN routing process.
Testing and Monitoring: After configuring inter-VLAN routing, it's essential to test the connectivity between devices in different VLANs and monitor network performance. Troubleshoot any issues that may arise.
Here's how inter-VLAN routing works:
VLAN Creation: First, you need to create VLANs on your managed switch or router. Each VLAN represents a separate logical network. For example, you might have VLAN 10 for the marketing department and VLAN 20 for the engineering department.
Assigning VLANs: Devices, such as computers or servers, are assigned to specific VLANs based on their network requirements. This assignment is typically done either at the switch port level (port-based VLAN) or by configuring the device's network interface (802.1Q tagging).
Router Configuration: To enable inter-VLAN communication, you need to configure your router. This can be done in different ways:
Router-on-a-Stick: In this method, a single physical interface on the router is used for routing between multiple VLANs. The router examines VLAN tags (802.1Q) to determine which VLAN a packet belongs to and routes it accordingly.
Layer 3 Switch: Some managed switches have Layer 3 capabilities, allowing them to perform inter-VLAN routing. In this case, routing occurs within the switch itself, eliminating the need for an external router.
Routing Configuration: On the router or Layer 3 switch, you set up routing interfaces for each VLAN. Each routing interface is assigned an IP address in the respective VLAN's subnet. This IP address is used as the default gateway for devices within that VLAN.
Routing Tables: The router maintains routing tables to keep track of which VLANs are associated with which IP subnets. It uses this information to forward traffic between VLANs.
ACLs (Access Control Lists): You can implement ACLs to control and restrict the traffic flow between VLANs. This adds a layer of security to the inter-VLAN routing process.
Testing and Monitoring: After configuring inter-VLAN routing, it's essential to test the connectivity between devices in different VLANs and monitor network performance. Troubleshoot any issues that may arise.
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