Make Potassium Chlorate by Electrolysis - The Basic Guide
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6 سال پیش
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In this video we show
In this video we show how to make potassium chlorate from potassium chloride by electrolysis.
For the anode, carbon, platinum or mixed metal oxide works best. For the cathode, almost any metal can be used but titanium is preferred.
The electrodes are simply inserted into a solution of potassium chloride salt and a current is passed through. The anode is the positive connection while the cathode is the negative connection. The current should be adjusted to match the surface of the electrode. For carbon that's around 40ma/cm^2, for platinum 300ma/cm^2, for mixed metal oxide 200ma/cm^2. You can use less current for lower heating and wear but the production will take longer.
The electrolysis must be kept in a well ventilated area since it produces hydrogen gas as well as small amounts of chlorine gas.
As the reaction progresses the potassium chlorate will precipitate our and the potassium chloride will be depleted. This has the overall effect of lowering the solution concentration. Every so often the salts must be topped up. Saturated potassium chloride solution has a density of 1.16g/mL. I recommend adding more potassium chloride salt when the density drifts below 1.1g/mL
I ran my cell for 40 days but you can run for as long as you like. But i recommend stopping and processing your reaction before your electrodes are more than 30% submerged in solid potassium potassium chlorate.
Simply remove the electrodes and filter the cell contents to obtain large crystals of potassium chlorate. For greater yield you can boil the supernatant to disproportionate the potassium hypochlorite and squeeze out a few more percent of product. This is optional though and not necessary if you intend to reuse the solution in future runs.
If you wish to have finer crystals of potassium chlorate, you can recrystallize the potassium chlorate from boiling water at a ratio of 60g of potassium chlorate per 100mL of water.
total yield for my runs at 2A current for 40 days is 705g or 48%.
Related videos:
Making potassium chlorate from bleach: Make Potassium Chlorate from Bleach
Fake platinum electrode:
Video
Chemists lights a barbecue with potassium chlorate:
How a Chemist Lights a Barbecue
Donate to NurdRage!
Through Patreon (preferred): Patreon: NurdRage
Through Bitcoin: 1NurdRAge7PNR4ULrbrpcYvc9RC4LDp9pS
Where i got my Platinum anodes:
https://www.amazon.ca/TWL-Platinized-...
Recent reviews and commentors suggest the platinum anodes in the above link may have been replaced with fake ones. If you do buy them, test them right away and return immediately if they are.
Social media links:
Twitter: Twitter: NurdRage
Instagram: Instagram: nurdrageyoutube
For the anode, carbon, platinum or mixed metal oxide works best. For the cathode, almost any metal can be used but titanium is preferred.
The electrodes are simply inserted into a solution of potassium chloride salt and a current is passed through. The anode is the positive connection while the cathode is the negative connection. The current should be adjusted to match the surface of the electrode. For carbon that's around 40ma/cm^2, for platinum 300ma/cm^2, for mixed metal oxide 200ma/cm^2. You can use less current for lower heating and wear but the production will take longer.
The electrolysis must be kept in a well ventilated area since it produces hydrogen gas as well as small amounts of chlorine gas.
As the reaction progresses the potassium chlorate will precipitate our and the potassium chloride will be depleted. This has the overall effect of lowering the solution concentration. Every so often the salts must be topped up. Saturated potassium chloride solution has a density of 1.16g/mL. I recommend adding more potassium chloride salt when the density drifts below 1.1g/mL
I ran my cell for 40 days but you can run for as long as you like. But i recommend stopping and processing your reaction before your electrodes are more than 30% submerged in solid potassium potassium chlorate.
Simply remove the electrodes and filter the cell contents to obtain large crystals of potassium chlorate. For greater yield you can boil the supernatant to disproportionate the potassium hypochlorite and squeeze out a few more percent of product. This is optional though and not necessary if you intend to reuse the solution in future runs.
If you wish to have finer crystals of potassium chlorate, you can recrystallize the potassium chlorate from boiling water at a ratio of 60g of potassium chlorate per 100mL of water.
total yield for my runs at 2A current for 40 days is 705g or 48%.
Related videos:
Making potassium chlorate from bleach: Make Potassium Chlorate from Bleach
Fake platinum electrode:
Video
Chemists lights a barbecue with potassium chlorate:
How a Chemist Lights a Barbecue
Donate to NurdRage!
Through Patreon (preferred): Patreon: NurdRage
Through Bitcoin: 1NurdRAge7PNR4ULrbrpcYvc9RC4LDp9pS
Where i got my Platinum anodes:
https://www.amazon.ca/TWL-Platinized-...
Recent reviews and commentors suggest the platinum anodes in the above link may have been replaced with fake ones. If you do buy them, test them right away and return immediately if they are.
Social media links:
Twitter: Twitter: NurdRage
Instagram: Instagram: nurdrageyoutube
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