Sommerfeld Atom Model

According to Sommerfeld, the path of an electron around the nucleus, in general, is an ellipse with the nucleus at one of its foci. In order to explain the observed fine structure of spectral lines, Sommerfeld introduced two main modifications in Bohr’s theory. According to Sommerfeld’s model, for any principal quantum number n, there are n possible orbits of varying eccentricities called sub-orbits or sub-shells. In this way, the attempt of Sommerfeld to explain the fine structure of spectral lines failed. But soon, on the basis of variation of mass of electron with velocity, Sommerfeld could find the solution for the problem of the fine structure of the spectral lines.

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