Relationship between gut microbiome composition and type 1 diabetes progression

We noted an increase in 21 bacterial species over time in the newly diagnosed cohort, unlike in the unaffected family member cohort. Faecalibacterium prausnitzii levels were inversely related to HbA1c at diagnosis. The progression rate of the disease in the newly diagnosed cohort, indicated by changes in HbA1c, C-peptide levels, and insulin dose, was linked to the abundance of certain bacterial species. Those in the newly diagnosed cohort with rapid C-peptide decline had the least diverse gut microbiomes. In the unaffected family member cohort, 19 individuals diagnosed with type 1 diabetes showed higher Sutterella sp. KLE1602 levels than undiagnosed individuals. Our findings indicate a relationship between gut microbiome composition and type 1 diabetes progression, necessitating further research to confirm these associations.