Japanese Were Traumatized When 9000 Japanese Soldiers Were killed Defending The Tinian From America
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The American Marines, led by Admiral Raymond A. Spruance, were tasked with taking the nearby island of Tinian in the Marianas, which was chosen by the Americans to acquire airfields for bombing Japan's home islands. The V Amphibious Corps was given the mission to take Tinian, but the invasion seemed improvised due to delays in preparations and a Japanese naval offensive. The Americans collected intelligence on the island's topography and enemy defenses, with the 50th Infantry Regiment under Colonel Keishi Ogata being the largest unit. The defenders had access to numerous equipment, including tanks, coast defense weapons, and machine guns. The Americans' plan for the Tinian invasion was postponed due to concerns about other attacks.
The Imperial Japanese Navy and the 56th Keibitai, also known as the Naval Guard Force, were well-represented on Tinian. The 56th Keibitai was a base defense force, with antiaircraft guns and stationary artillery. The 1st Air Fleet's stranded air and ground crews contributed numbers, while a home defense militia was formed. The Imperial Japanese Army and Navy did not get along well, with Captain Oya being given a defensive sector by Colonel Ogata. The Red Staff and Blue Staff organized the invasions of Tinian and Saipan, with plans for landing on the north side of the island. However, the American planners were not pleased with the initial plans, and the northern beaches piqued their curiosity.
The Navy and Marine Corps commanders decided to land the two Marine divisions on the White Beaches, which were 160 yards wide and 60 yards wide, to determine the landing site for the assault forces on Tinian. Vice Admiral Richmond Kelly Turner, known as "Terrible Turner," decided to use the beaches of Tinian Town, or Sunharon Bay, as they were considered the best fortified locations on the island. After a reconnaissance mission, the Navy swimmers and Marines touched down at the White Beaches on July 10-11. Admiral Hill, however, ordered the White Beach landings to be completed. After a protracted debate, Turner agreed to the plan, and the Marines invaded Tinian on July 24, 1944. The landing strategy included napalm, 40mm cannons, and the battleship USS Colorado, which failed to provide precise support fire.
The 4th Marine Division, despite having just finished a month of intense fighting on Saipan, set out to conquer White Beach One and White Beach Two. They were led by Colonel Franklin A. Hart's 24th Marines and Colonel Merton J. Batchelder's 25th Marines. Despite facing challenges, the Marines managed to destroy beach mines and obstructions, earning them two Navy Crosses. The 2nd Marine Division attempted to land on the beaches, but suffered 6,170 battle casualties. Despite the challenges, the 25th Marines advanced on White Beach Two, capturing the beachhead. Engineers prepared the beaches for the next wave of soldiers and supplies, and the 24th Marines' 2nd Battalion arrived at the enemy airfield's perimeter.
The 4th Marine Division successfully captured the White Beaches in northern Tinian, despite the surprise landing of the Marines. Colonel Ogata ordered a counterattack, forcing the Japanese to retreat. The American forces, led by Lieutenant Colonel Otto Lessing's 1st Battalion, 24th Marines, faced 600 attackers, including 500 Japanese bodies. Private First Class Cecil R. Tolley and Corporal Alfred J. Daigle's stand led to the victory, with over 9,000 Japanese soldiers and sailors killed. Tinian was one of the most successful island campaigns of the Pacific War, with a dead in action ratio of 27 to 1, and contributed significantly to the war effort. The battle of Tinian was a pivotal moment in the war, as the Marines prepared to invade Japan with the Enola Gay atomic bomb.
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