Why Students Do Not Turn on their Cameras in Class

Strategies to encourage camera use without requiring it, while promoting equity and inclusion, was developed which has had promising results. Broadly, these strategies were to not require camera use, explicitly encouraging camera usage while establishing norms, addressing potential distractions, engaging students with active learning, and understanding student needs. Frank R. Castelli is a Discipline-Based Education Researcher and Co-Instructor of Investigative Biology Laboratory course at Cornell University.