Silla Kingdom 3
1 هزار بار بازدید -
11 سال پیش
-
Silla Kingdom----------------------Silla, Shilla, or Saro
Silla Kingdom
----------------------
Silla, Shilla, or Saro (57 BC - 935 AD) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, & one of the world's longest sustained dynasties. Although it was founded by King Pak Hyeokgeose, who is also known to be the originator of the Korean family name Pak (Park or Bak), the dynasty was ruled by the Gyeongju Kim clan for most of its 992-year history. What began as a chiefdom in the Samhan confederacies, once allied with China, Silla eventually conquered the other two kingdoms, Baekje in 660 & Goguryeo in 668. Thereafter, Unified Silla or Later Silla, as it is often referred to, occupied most of the Korean Peninsula, while the northern part re-emerged as Balhae, a successor-state of Goguryeo. After nearly 1000 years of rule, Silla fragmented into the brief Later Three Kingdoms, handing over power to its successor dynasty Goryeo in 935. Scholars have traditionally divided Silla history into three distinct periods: Early (57 BC-654 AD), Middle (654-780), & Late (780-935). During the Proto-Three Kingdoms period, the city-states of central and southern Korea were grouped into three confederacies called Samhan. Silla began as Saro-guk, a statelet within the 12-member confederacy called Jinhan. Saro-guk consisted of six villages and six clans. According to Korean records, Silla was founded by King Park Hyeokgeose in 57 BC, around present-day Gyeongju. Hyeokgeose is said to have been hatched from an egg laid from a white horse, and when he turned 13, six clans submitted to him as king & established Saro (or Seona). He is also the progenitor of the Park clan, now one of the most common family names in Korea. The earliest recording of this date is found in the Samguk Sagi, a 12th-century Korean history. Current archeological evidence indicates that while a polity may have been established even earlier than this in the Gyeongju region, it is too early to call it a kingdom. The author of the Samguk Sagi, Kim Bu-sik, probably attempted to legitimize Silla rule by giving it historical seniority over its rival kingdoms Baekje and Goguryeo. The Park clan held power for three generations before being faced with a coup by the Seok clan. During the reign of the first Seok ruler, Talhae, the Kim clan's presence in Silla is mentioned in the form of a tale in which Kim Alji is born from a golden box that Hogong discovered. The Park & Seok clans constantly fight each other for power and both are eventually overthrown by the Kim clan. The Kim clan solely rules over Silla for many generations with the Park & Seok clans as nobility. The final ruler of Silla, King Gyeongsun, was a member of the Kim clan. King Naemul (356-402) of the Kim clan established a hereditary monarchy, eliminating the rotating power-sharing scheme, & the leader's now truly royal title became Maripgan (from the native Korean root Han, "leader" or "great", which was previously used for ruling princes in southern Korea). In 377, it sent emissaries to China & established relations with Goguryeo. Facing pressure from Baekje in the west & Japan in the south, in the later part of the 4th century, Silla allied with Goguryeo. However, when Goguryeo began to expand its territory southward, moving its capital to Pyongyang in 427, Nulji was forced to ally with Baekje. By the time of King Beopheung (514-540), Silla was a full-fledged kingdom, with Buddhism as state religion, and its own era name systems. Silla absorbed the Gaya confederacy during the Gaya-Silla Wars, annexing Geumgwan Gaya in 532 & conquering Daegaya in 562, thereby expanding its borders to the Nakdong River basin. In the 7th century Silla allied itself with the Chinese Tang dynasty. In 660, under King Muyeol (654-661), Silla subjugated Baekje. In 668, under King Munmu and the General Kim Yu-shin, Silla conquered Goguryeo to its north. Silla then fought for nearly a decade to expel Chinese forces on the peninsula intent on creating Tang colonies there to finally establish a unified kingdom as far north as modern Pyongyang. The northern region of the defunct Goguryeo state later reemerged as Balhae. The final century & a half of the Silla state was one of nearly constant upheaval and civil war as the king was reduced to little more than a figurehead & powerful aristocratic families rose to actual dominance outside the capital and royal court. The tail end of this period, called the Later Three Kingdoms period, briefly saw the emergence of the kingdoms of Later Baekje & Later Goguryeo, which were really composed of military forces capitalizing on their respective region's historic background, & Silla's submission to the Goryeo dynasty.
For more information, visit:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History...
- http://koreanhistory.info/TheThreeKin...
- http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/ko...
- http://www.deviantart.com/art/Korea-S...
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siljik
- http://www.koreansentry.com/forum/vie...
----------------------
Silla, Shilla, or Saro (57 BC - 935 AD) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea, & one of the world's longest sustained dynasties. Although it was founded by King Pak Hyeokgeose, who is also known to be the originator of the Korean family name Pak (Park or Bak), the dynasty was ruled by the Gyeongju Kim clan for most of its 992-year history. What began as a chiefdom in the Samhan confederacies, once allied with China, Silla eventually conquered the other two kingdoms, Baekje in 660 & Goguryeo in 668. Thereafter, Unified Silla or Later Silla, as it is often referred to, occupied most of the Korean Peninsula, while the northern part re-emerged as Balhae, a successor-state of Goguryeo. After nearly 1000 years of rule, Silla fragmented into the brief Later Three Kingdoms, handing over power to its successor dynasty Goryeo in 935. Scholars have traditionally divided Silla history into three distinct periods: Early (57 BC-654 AD), Middle (654-780), & Late (780-935). During the Proto-Three Kingdoms period, the city-states of central and southern Korea were grouped into three confederacies called Samhan. Silla began as Saro-guk, a statelet within the 12-member confederacy called Jinhan. Saro-guk consisted of six villages and six clans. According to Korean records, Silla was founded by King Park Hyeokgeose in 57 BC, around present-day Gyeongju. Hyeokgeose is said to have been hatched from an egg laid from a white horse, and when he turned 13, six clans submitted to him as king & established Saro (or Seona). He is also the progenitor of the Park clan, now one of the most common family names in Korea. The earliest recording of this date is found in the Samguk Sagi, a 12th-century Korean history. Current archeological evidence indicates that while a polity may have been established even earlier than this in the Gyeongju region, it is too early to call it a kingdom. The author of the Samguk Sagi, Kim Bu-sik, probably attempted to legitimize Silla rule by giving it historical seniority over its rival kingdoms Baekje and Goguryeo. The Park clan held power for three generations before being faced with a coup by the Seok clan. During the reign of the first Seok ruler, Talhae, the Kim clan's presence in Silla is mentioned in the form of a tale in which Kim Alji is born from a golden box that Hogong discovered. The Park & Seok clans constantly fight each other for power and both are eventually overthrown by the Kim clan. The Kim clan solely rules over Silla for many generations with the Park & Seok clans as nobility. The final ruler of Silla, King Gyeongsun, was a member of the Kim clan. King Naemul (356-402) of the Kim clan established a hereditary monarchy, eliminating the rotating power-sharing scheme, & the leader's now truly royal title became Maripgan (from the native Korean root Han, "leader" or "great", which was previously used for ruling princes in southern Korea). In 377, it sent emissaries to China & established relations with Goguryeo. Facing pressure from Baekje in the west & Japan in the south, in the later part of the 4th century, Silla allied with Goguryeo. However, when Goguryeo began to expand its territory southward, moving its capital to Pyongyang in 427, Nulji was forced to ally with Baekje. By the time of King Beopheung (514-540), Silla was a full-fledged kingdom, with Buddhism as state religion, and its own era name systems. Silla absorbed the Gaya confederacy during the Gaya-Silla Wars, annexing Geumgwan Gaya in 532 & conquering Daegaya in 562, thereby expanding its borders to the Nakdong River basin. In the 7th century Silla allied itself with the Chinese Tang dynasty. In 660, under King Muyeol (654-661), Silla subjugated Baekje. In 668, under King Munmu and the General Kim Yu-shin, Silla conquered Goguryeo to its north. Silla then fought for nearly a decade to expel Chinese forces on the peninsula intent on creating Tang colonies there to finally establish a unified kingdom as far north as modern Pyongyang. The northern region of the defunct Goguryeo state later reemerged as Balhae. The final century & a half of the Silla state was one of nearly constant upheaval and civil war as the king was reduced to little more than a figurehead & powerful aristocratic families rose to actual dominance outside the capital and royal court. The tail end of this period, called the Later Three Kingdoms period, briefly saw the emergence of the kingdoms of Later Baekje & Later Goguryeo, which were really composed of military forces capitalizing on their respective region's historic background, & Silla's submission to the Goryeo dynasty.
For more information, visit:
- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History...
- http://koreanhistory.info/TheThreeKin...
- http://www.art-and-archaeology.com/ko...
- http://www.deviantart.com/art/Korea-S...
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siljik
- http://www.koreansentry.com/forum/vie...
11 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1392/03/21 منتشر شده
است.
1,030
بـار بازدید شده