T-14 Armata / The World's First Production Tank With Unmanned Turret
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The Armata is a new-generation
The Armata is a new-generation tank. It is a clean sheet design with a number of advanced features. It has little in common with the current T-90 and other older Soviet tanks. Actually it it the first Russian truly new production tank since the T-72, that was adopted back in 1973. Design of the Armata focuses on heavier armor and crew survivability. Exact technical specifications of the new Armata MBT remain classified.
The new tank is much bigger, than the T-90. It is nearly as big as the German Leopard 2A7. This tank has a completely unmanned turret. Even though the concept of unmanned tank turret is not new, the Armata is the world's first production tank with unmanned turret.
This main battle tank is operated by a crew of 3 men, including commander, gunner and driver. It is in line with Russian tank-building concept, that the tank should be operated by a smaller crew in order to reduce its dimensions and weight and improve protection. Armata lacks gunner, as the gun is loaded by an autoloader. It is worth noting that most Western MBTs have a crew of 4.
The Armata might be one of the most protected MBTs in the world. It has newly-developed base armor, made of steel, ceramics and composite materials. Also Armata has a new Malakhit add-on explosive reactive armor that is claimed to be of new generation. As usual this MBT is fitted with NBC protection and automatic fire suppression systems. It has been reported that Armata will be fitted with new Afganit active protection system. However in 2018 it appeared that there are setbacks with development of the Afghanit. By 2018 prototypes of this system were not completed and were not ready for testing. The tank has a new countermeasures system that reduces the chance of being hit by enemy ATGW with semi-automatic guidance. This new Russian tank uses smoke grenade dischargers of new type.
The tank uses electrical armament stabilization and turret traverse systems. These are more reliable and safer for the crew than older hydraulic systems. Furthermore these provide a quick turn of the gun in proper direction.
All crew members are seated in a well protected armored cell. It is separated from automatic loader and ammunition. The tank has improved resistance to damage. It can operate even with penetrated armor, as far as the crew cell is intact. It is the first production MBT with such crew layout.
The tank is armed with a 2A82 (or 2A82-1M) 125 mm smoothbore gun. This new gun has longer range and is more accurate than the old 2A46M gun of the T-90 MBT. The gun is completed with an autoloader. It was planned that the tank will be capable of firing programmable ammunition. The Armata is capable of firing gun-launched anti-tank guided missiles in the same manner as ordinary projectiles. These missiles have a range of about 5 km and can also target low-flying helicopters. A total of 40 rounds are carried for this tank, and 32 of these rounds are ready-to-use.
There is a coaxial 7.62 mm machine gun. Also there is a remotely-controlled weapon station, armed with another 7.62 mm machine gun. This weapon has a remote reload capability. This weapon station also functions an commander's independent sight that gives the tank a hunter-killer capability.
The Armata MBT is fitted with new fire control system. It is also equipped with a battlefield management system. Commander's and gunner's workstations are identical.
Initially it has been reported that this new main battle tank is powered by an A-82-2 turbocharged diesel engine, developing 1,200 hp. It is a new-generation engine that is much more compact than the previous Russian tank engines. However in 2019 information emerged that the tank packs a more powerful A-85-3 engine, developing 1,500 hp. Interestingly this rating is for a peak power which would be used only during wartime and at a cost of extremely short service life. Normally this engine develops 1,350 hp. The X-shaped engine is located at the rear. It is completed in one block with an automatic transmission. Though in 2020 reports emerged that the transmission of this new Russian tank is actually manual. The whole powerpack was designed to be easily removed and replaced in field condition. Western tanks had this feature since the Cold War era. However Armata is the first Soviet/Russian tank to have engine and transmission built into one module. There is auxiliary power unit, which powers all system when the engine is turned off. Furthermore it ensures the smooth start of the engine at low temperatures. However by 2019 Chelyabinsk Traktor Plant, producer of the Armata's engine, was close to a state of bankrupcy. Their engine had a number of design flaws and was far from series production.
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2 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1401/11/07 منتشر شده
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