The Major Causes of Mass Extinction Events in Earth History | GEO GIRL

I have many videos about Mass Extinction events on my channel, but I have never made a video all about what causes mass extinctions, so in this video, I go over the top 3 causes of mass extinction events. These include global warming, CO2 increase & associated ocean acidification, and ocean anoxia. Global warming causes extinctions because it puts thermal stress on animals that evolved to a specific temperature range. CO2 increase causes extinctions because it leads to hypercapnia or a condition in which animals take in too much CO2 and it gets in the bloodstream and can be lethal if the concentration gets too high. Ocean anoxia, or oxygen depletion in the ocean, can cause extinctions because animals need oxygen to breath and when it goes away they die. Also, during periods of warming, animals already have an increased oxygen demand due to the thermal stress, so a decrease in oxygen in addition to an increase in oxygen demand spells disaster for animals during periods of warming and ocean anoxia. Hope you enjoy learning about what triggers these conditions and how they affect life on Earth during mass extinction events!

See my videos on:
The End Ordovician Mass Extinction: Ordovician Mass Extinction- Causes & ...
The Late Devonian Mass Extinction: Late Devonian Mass Extinction Event ~...
The End Permian Mass Extinction (Great Dying): Cause & Impact of Largest Mass Extinc...The End-Triassic Mass Extinction: Late Triassic Mass Extinction Causes ...
The End-Cretaceous Mass Extinction: Was it Asteroid Impact or Climate Cha...
Little Known Mass Extinctions: (Part 1): Mass Extinction Events from the Preca...
Little Known Mass Extinctions: (Part 2): Mass Extinction Events from the Devon...

0:00 Mass Extinction List
1:08 Top 3 Causes of Mass Extinctions
1:56 Other Causes of Mass Extinctions
3:22 Mass Extinction Triggers
6:36 Global Warming Causes
12:21 Global Warming Effects
6:28 Ocean Acidification Causes
17:57 Ocean Acidification Effects
19:28 Hypercapnia Causes & Effects
21:32 Ocean Anoxia Causes
23:53 Ocean Anoxia Effects

References: Earth System History: https://amzn.to/3v1Iy0G
Bond and Grasby, 2017: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.20...
Kidder & Worsley, 2010: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.20...
McGhee et al., 2013: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.palaeo.2012...
Twitchett, 2006: doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2005.05.019

GEO GIRL Website: https://www.geogirlscience.com/ (visit my website to see all my courses, shop merch, learn more about me, & donate to support the channel if you'd like!)

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Oxygen by D. Canfield: https://amzn.to/3gffbCL
Brief history of Earth by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/3w3hC1I
Life on young planet by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/2RBMpny
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Your inner fish by N. Shubin: https://amzn.to/3cpw3Wb
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