The Theory of Relativity Simply Explained. Albert Einstein
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In the early 20th century,
In the early 20th century, Albert Einstein the developed the scientific framework known as: The theory of relativity. The concept of the theory of relativity was to understand space, time and gravity, and there was two main parts to this: The special theory of relativity and the general theory of relativity.
So let’s first take a look at the special theory of relativity.
Einstein's 1905 publication of the Special Theory of Relativity explained how multiple objects moved, in relation to each other, when there was no forces of gravity present to influence their movement. And there are two main assumptions and principle to the special theory of relativity, these are:
Number 1. The laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames. This means that the fundamental principles of physics don't change regardless of whether you're moving at a constant velocity or at rest.
In other words, the property of matter continues in its existing state of rest, so not moving, or in uniform motion, in a straight line, unless this state is changed by some external force. This basically means that the fundamental principles of physics don't change regardless of whether you're moving at a constant velocity or if there is no movement at all, and therefore at rest.
There is no absolute reference frame, and all motion is relative.
That means that to define whether or not an object is moving, that object has to be compared with something else, another object. The concept of motion is always defined in relation to something else. This is the only way to measure movement because there is no absolute fixed, ground zero, reference point from which motion can be measured or described movement in any other way.
Number 2. In a vacuum, that is, an area devoid of any matter or particles, light travels at a constant speed, because there is no matter or particles to deflect the light and interfere with that constant speed: in this un hindered state, It travels at a speed of about 299,792,458 (two hundred ninety-nine million, seven hundred ninety-two thousand, four hundred fifty-eight) metres per second.
This is the fastest that information or energy can move, and to make all of this easier and quicker to refer to it is simply indicated by the letter ‘c’. This simply stands for: the speed of light.
The speed of light is constant for all those observing it, regardless of much or how little they are moving.
Light moving through the cosmos in this way is its very characteristic and true nature.
These two assumptions of the Special Theory of Relativity lead to some absolutely astounding conclusions.
One is time dilation.
The Dilation of time is when an object in motion is moving so fast, that it perceives time as passing more slowly, than it would for a stationary observer.
Incredibly, this effect is what happens when things move towards speeds close to the speed of light.
The phenomenon of length contraction,
where an item in motion appears shorter along its direction of motion, than in its resting length, as measured by a stationary observer.
These ideas of the special theory of relativity are expanded to include gravity in, Einstein's general theory of relativity, which was published in 1915.
According to this definition, gravity is the bending of spacetime brought on by the existence of mass and energy.
According to this hypothesis, big objects like planets and stars bend or distort spacetime, causing other things that are travelling close by to take curved courses.
The phenomena of gravitational time dilation, when time moves more slowly in the presence of potent gravitational fields, is also predicted by the general theory of relativity.
Experiments have been done to observe and validate this effect.
In general, the theory of relativity revolutionised how we think about gravity, space, and time.
It serves as the foundation for our current knowledge of the cosmos on both the small and large scales and has undergone considerable testing and confirmation through various experiments and observations.
Thank you and have a great day
Craig Kirkman
So let’s first take a look at the special theory of relativity.
Einstein's 1905 publication of the Special Theory of Relativity explained how multiple objects moved, in relation to each other, when there was no forces of gravity present to influence their movement. And there are two main assumptions and principle to the special theory of relativity, these are:
Number 1. The laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames. This means that the fundamental principles of physics don't change regardless of whether you're moving at a constant velocity or at rest.
In other words, the property of matter continues in its existing state of rest, so not moving, or in uniform motion, in a straight line, unless this state is changed by some external force. This basically means that the fundamental principles of physics don't change regardless of whether you're moving at a constant velocity or if there is no movement at all, and therefore at rest.
There is no absolute reference frame, and all motion is relative.
That means that to define whether or not an object is moving, that object has to be compared with something else, another object. The concept of motion is always defined in relation to something else. This is the only way to measure movement because there is no absolute fixed, ground zero, reference point from which motion can be measured or described movement in any other way.
Number 2. In a vacuum, that is, an area devoid of any matter or particles, light travels at a constant speed, because there is no matter or particles to deflect the light and interfere with that constant speed: in this un hindered state, It travels at a speed of about 299,792,458 (two hundred ninety-nine million, seven hundred ninety-two thousand, four hundred fifty-eight) metres per second.
This is the fastest that information or energy can move, and to make all of this easier and quicker to refer to it is simply indicated by the letter ‘c’. This simply stands for: the speed of light.
The speed of light is constant for all those observing it, regardless of much or how little they are moving.
Light moving through the cosmos in this way is its very characteristic and true nature.
These two assumptions of the Special Theory of Relativity lead to some absolutely astounding conclusions.
One is time dilation.
The Dilation of time is when an object in motion is moving so fast, that it perceives time as passing more slowly, than it would for a stationary observer.
Incredibly, this effect is what happens when things move towards speeds close to the speed of light.
The phenomenon of length contraction,
where an item in motion appears shorter along its direction of motion, than in its resting length, as measured by a stationary observer.
These ideas of the special theory of relativity are expanded to include gravity in, Einstein's general theory of relativity, which was published in 1915.
According to this definition, gravity is the bending of spacetime brought on by the existence of mass and energy.
According to this hypothesis, big objects like planets and stars bend or distort spacetime, causing other things that are travelling close by to take curved courses.
The phenomena of gravitational time dilation, when time moves more slowly in the presence of potent gravitational fields, is also predicted by the general theory of relativity.
Experiments have been done to observe and validate this effect.
In general, the theory of relativity revolutionised how we think about gravity, space, and time.
It serves as the foundation for our current knowledge of the cosmos on both the small and large scales and has undergone considerable testing and confirmation through various experiments and observations.
Thank you and have a great day
Craig Kirkman
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