How to solve Population Genetics problems
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The Hardy-Weinberg Equation
To estimate
The Hardy-Weinberg Equation
To estimate the frequency of alleles in a population, we can use the Hardy-Weinberg equation. According to this equation:
p = the frequency of the dominant allele (represented here by A)
q = the frequency of the recessive allele (represented here by a)
For a population in genetic equilibrium:
p + q = 1.0 (The sum of the frequencies of both alleles is 100%.)
(p + q)2 = 1
so
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
The three terms of this binomial expansion indicate the frequencies of the three genotypes:
p2 = frequency of AA (homozygous dominant)
2pq = frequency of Aa (heterozygous)
q2 = frequency of aa (homozygous recessive)
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