11 Facts You Need To Know About The Kuiper Belt
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The Kuiper Belt is a disc-shaped region located beyond Neptune, stretching from approximately 30 to 55 astronomical units (AU) away from the sun, with Earth being one AU. It is believed that this remote region is inhabited by numerous icy bodies, each larger than 100 km (62 miles), and an estimated trillion or more comets. Here are 11 facts you need to know about the Kuiper Belt.
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11) We have already made a video about the Kuiper Belt.
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10) The first KB object was discovered in 1992
Pluto, a dwarf planet, stands out as one of the more recognizable objects within the expansive Kuiper Belt. Comets originating from this region complete their orbits around the sun in under 200 years, aligning closely with the plane in which the majority of planets orbit. These Kuiper Belt objects (KBOs), believed to be remnants from the solar system's formation roughly 4.6 billion years ago, gained attention relatively recently.
9) We have been to the KB in 1983
NASA's Pioneer 10 spacecraft became the first to venture into the Kuiper Belt area in 1983, surpassing Neptune's orbit. However, it did not explore any of the icy worlds within this region since only Pluto had been identified at the time. Voyager 2 later visited Neptune's moon Triton in 1989, and Cassini visited Saturn's moon Phoebe in 2004, potentially originating from the Kuiper Belt and escaping its grasp. The initial spacecraft to truly investigate a celestial body in the Kuiper Belt was NASA's New Horizons, which conducted a close flyby of Pluto and its moons in July 2015.
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8) Arrokoth can be found in the KB
Upon closer examination, the object that initially resembled a snowman is actually a combination of two smaller objects that have been fused together for billions of years. These celestial bodies have been adrift in space, patiently waiting for us to observe them.
Arrokoth's surface has a uniform appearance and exhibits a reddish hue commonly found among objects in the Kuiper Belt.
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7) The KB hosts the farthest object from the Sun: Farfarout
In 2018, astronomers made a groundbreaking announcement about the discovery of the most distant resident within our solar system. This tiny dwarf planet, provisionally named 2018 VG18 and affectionately nicknamed "Farout" by its discovery team, is situated at a distance 120 times farther from the sun than Earth.
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6) Eris, KBO that could have been a planet
In July 2005, scientists made a significant finding: a Kuiper Belt Object (KBO) initially believed to be around 10 percent larger than Pluto. This object, temporarily named 2003UB313 and later called Eris, follows an orbit around the sun that takes approximately 560 years, with its distance ranging from about 38 to 98 astronomical units (AU). (For comparison, Pluto's orbit spans from 29 to 49 AU.
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Credits: Ron Miller, Mark A. Garlick / MarkGarlick.com ,Elon Musk/SpaceX/ Flickr
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00:00 Intro
00:30 11) We have already made a video about the Kuiper Belt
1:00 10) The first KB object was discovered in 1992
2:24 9) We have been to the KB in 1983
3:40 8) Arrokoth can be found in the KB
4:35 7) 7) The KB hosts the farthest object from the Sun: Farfarout
7:02 6) Eris, KBO that could have been a planet
8:10 5) The KB hosts Cubewanos
8:50 4) The KB has Twins: Antipholus and Antipholus
10:42 3) Is it safe for a spacecraft to cross the KB?
11:35 2) The KB is not unique to our Solar System
13:20 1) Astronomers have found the closest KB analog
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