How to prune properly．It makes a difference of 1cm.

my channel in Japan    • 【ちょっと待って！】全ての枝，この切り方してませんか？ここから木が枯れます...   Section 1: What is a Thinning Cut? A Thinning Cut is a method where a branch is completely removed from its base, regardless of its age. This is also known as "cutback pruning." This pruning method is used to remove unwanted or old branches and reshape the tree's overall structure. In fruit cultivation, it is one of the most basic pruning techniques. Please take a look at the illustration. Here, you can see how the branch is completely removed from its base. In the illustration, you can see the branch being pruned by thinning it from the base. This allows air to flow through the tree and sunlight to reach the inner parts. By cutting branches from the base, you can fundamentally improve the shape of the tree. Thinning cuts are especially useful when the inside of the tree becomes shaded, or when poor airflow increases the risk of pests and diseases. Improving airflow helps the tree stay healthy and reduces the occurrence of pests. When branches become too dense, it also becomes difficult for fruit to form, so regular thinning cuts are essential. In fruit cultivation, after the harvest, the finer branches at the tip are typically pruned one or two nodes, while larger framework branches remain. Section 2: What is a Heading Cut? A Heading Cut involves cutting back a one-year-old branch partway, encouraging new buds to emerge and promoting growth. This method helps control the tree’s growth and maintain overall balance. Take a look at the illustration. Here, you can see how a one-year-old branch is cut partway. The illustration shows where the branch is cut. This method not only cuts the tip of the branch but also promotes new growth from the middle, helping maintain the tree’s overall balance. It is particularly effective for one-year-old branches, but applying it to older branches increases the risk of wood-decay fungi entering and damaging the branch. Heading cuts are generally only performed on one-year-old branches. This promotes the growth of new shoots not only from the terminal bud but also from lateral buds, helping maintain a uniform tree shape. However, applying it to branches older than two years can allow wood-decay fungi to enter, causing the branch to rot. Typically, older branches are not cut in the middle, as the callus tissue required for wound healing does not develop well. For branches older than two years, thinning cuts should be used. If a heading cut is not done properly, the cut branch can begin to rot from the tip. Many diseases, such as anthracnose, can infect these areas. Incorrect pruning can reduce fruit quality, so it’s important to prune properly. Section 3: Pruning Enhances New Shoot Growth. Pruning enhances the growth of new shoots. This happens because pruning reduces the number of branches, allowing nutrients to concentrate on the remaining buds and branches, leading to stronger growth of new shoots. When competing branches are removed, nearby shoots become more vigorous. Additionally, when there is plenty of nutrients within the tree, not only the terminal buds on one-year-old branches but also lateral buds will grow vigorously. Pruning individual branches has such effects. Strong pruning usually results in vigorous new shoots, while lighter pruning leads to weaker growth. The response of the tree depends on the intensity of the pruning. However, regardless of the strength of the pruning, the relationship between branches can also lead to differences in growth. As an example, let’s discuss how the relationship between branches impacts growth. Take a look at the illustration. Here, you can see which branches grow stronger and which grow weaker as a result of pruning. The position of the branches and the strength of the pruning can lead to different growth patterns. In the illustration, two branches are lightly pruned, while one branch is heavily pruned. The tree’s natural dominance towards the highest branch, known as apical dominance, causes the strongly pruned branch to remain short, while the more lightly pruned branches grow more vigorously. Thus, understanding the relationship between branches is key when pruning, as the growth pattern can change depending on location and pruning methods. Section 4: My Recommended Heading Cut. Now, let me introduce my recommended method for heading cuts of one-year-old branches. The key to my approach is to cut without leaving a partial branch, almost like a thinning cut. By doing this, you can reduce the occurrence of deadwood that commonly appears after heading cuts. This method allows the callus to develop properly, resulting in healthier branches. For fruit trees in the Annonaceae family, such as Sugar Apple, Cherimoya, Atemoya, and Ilama, when you prune, the buds below the pruning point will become active. In these cases, use a heading cut similar to a thinning cut. #pruning #gardening #farming #tropicalfruit #cultivation #pruningtips

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