How Exorcism Became Medieval Necromancy & Demonic Conjuration - History of Magic

Medieval necromancy is strangely uniform in its rituals, language and symbols despite being an underground movement at the heterodox periphery of the minor clergy. What explains this uniformity?  An important cause goes to the origins of medieval necromancy itself - that European Necromancy originates in the ancient rituals of Exorcism. In this episode I explore the relationship between exorcism and demonic conjuration from an exorcism ritual divinely revealed to Hildegard of Bingen, a mirror that summons Lilith to reveal mysteries, a bizarre exorcism in the horrid witch-hunting manual Malleus Maleficarum to Exorcism Manuals so close to magic that they were eventually banned by the Catholic Church.

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Thesaurus Exorcismorum - https://www.google.com/books/edition/...