Lecture 10: Cleaning and Shaping of Root Canal System : Operative Department | BDS Operative
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CLEANING AND SHAPING OF THE ROOT CANAL SYSTEM
PHASES OF ENDODONTIC TREATMENT
Endodontic treatment can be divided into three main phases:
Proper access preparation into the pulp space
Shaping and cleaning of the root canal
Obturation
DEFINITIONS
Shaping and cleaning of the root canal consists of removing the pulp tissue and debris from the canal and shaping the canal to receive an obturating material.
Pulpectomy or pulp extirpation, is the complete removal of a normal or diseased pulp from the pulp cavity of the tooth. This operation is sometimes inappropriately referred to as devitalization.
When food or other debris have accumulated in the pulp cavity, in addition to the residual necrotic pulpal debris, the removal of this material from the pulp cavity is referred to as debridement
Root canals should be widened for four reasons:
To eliminate microorganisms on the canal surface mechanically
To completely remove pulp tissue, because even when a vital pulp is extirpated, tags of pulp tissue and odontoblasts cling to the canal wall and are not removed with the body of the pulp; they later undergo necrosis and provide an environment for bacterial growth
To increase the capacity of the root canal to permit irrigating solutions to reach the apical third for effective disinfection
To shape the root canal to receive gutta-percha, because the wider the canal, the easier it is to fill it
STEPS IN SHAPING OF ROOT CANAL SYSTEM
Step I: Negotiating the canal—“patency filing”
Step II: Coronal pre-enlargement (recommended for certain shaping techniques)
Step III: Working length measurement
Step IV: Root canal shaping
STEP I: NEGOTIATING THE CANAL—PATENCY FILING
The concept of creating a path up to the working length without blocking or altering the original root canal anatomy is known as patency filing
This is usually performed with a size 10 or smaller K file instrument that is negotiated passively just through the apical foramen
STEP II : CORONAL PRE-ENLARGEMENT
It is a concept of enlarging the coronal third of the root canal prior to the estimation of the working length
Coronal pre-enlargement is achieved with the help of orifice openers (in rotary systems) or GG drills
STEP III: WORKING LENGTH DETERMINATION
Definition: Working length is defined as the distance from a coronal reference point to the point at which canal preparation and obturation should terminate.
This is usually the apical terminus of the root canal, also termed as the minor constriction or the minor diameter of the apical foramen
FUNCTIONAL MOTIONS OF INSTRUMENTATION
Several motions of manipulation are used for controlling the cutting activity of an endodontic instrument including:
Filing
Reaming
Watch Winding
Balanced Force Instrumentation.
Anti-curvature Filing
1. Filing
The term filing indicates a push- pull action with the instrument.
File is inserted into the canal up to the desired length
Pressure is exerted onto the side wall and withdrawn with upward force
Does not involve rotation of the file
Circumferential Filing
Instrument is first moved toward the buccal side, then re-inserted & removed slightly mesially. This continues around distal, buccal and lingual direction until all dentin walls have been prepared.
Enhances preparation when a flaring method is used by widening the orifice of the canal.
The term ream indicates clockwise rotation of an instrument.
File is inserted into the canal passively, rotated clockwise quarter turn and then removed with upward force
Usually used in straight canals as can cause elbow formation or straightening of curved canals
Carried out with K files only
CLEANING AND SHAPING OF THE ROOT CANAL SYSTEM
PHASES OF ENDODONTIC TREATMENT
Endodontic treatment can be divided into three main phases:
Proper access preparation into the pulp space
Shaping and cleaning of the root canal
Obturation
DEFINITIONS
Shaping and cleaning of the root canal consists of removing the pulp tissue and debris from the canal and shaping the canal to receive an obturating material.
Pulpectomy or pulp extirpation, is the complete removal of a normal or diseased pulp from the pulp cavity of the tooth. This operation is sometimes inappropriately referred to as devitalization.
When food or other debris have accumulated in the pulp cavity, in addition to the residual necrotic pulpal debris, the removal of this material from the pulp cavity is referred to as debridement
Root canals should be widened for four reasons:
To eliminate microorganisms on the canal surface mechanically
To completely remove pulp tissue, because even when a vital pulp is extirpated, tags of pulp tissue and odontoblasts cling to the canal wall and are not removed with the body of the pulp; they later undergo necrosis and provide an environment for bacterial growth
To increase the capacity of the root canal to permit irrigating solutions to reach the apical third for effective disinfection
To shape the root canal to receive gutta-percha, because the wider the canal, the easier it is to fill it
STEPS IN SHAPING OF ROOT CANAL SYSTEM
Step I: Negotiating the canal—“patency filing”
Step II: Coronal pre-enlargement (recommended for certain shaping techniques)
Step III: Working length measurement
Step IV: Root canal shaping
STEP I: NEGOTIATING THE CANAL—PATENCY FILING
The concept of creating a path up to the working length without blocking or altering the original root canal anatomy is known as patency filing
This is usually performed with a size 10 or smaller K file instrument that is negotiated passively just through the apical foramen
STEP II : CORONAL PRE-ENLARGEMENT
It is a concept of enlarging the coronal third of the root canal prior to the estimation of the working length
Coronal pre-enlargement is achieved with the help of orifice openers (in rotary systems) or GG drills
STEP III: WORKING LENGTH DETERMINATION
Definition: Working length is defined as the distance from a coronal reference point to the point at which canal preparation and obturation should terminate.
This is usually the apical terminus of the root canal, also termed as the minor constriction or the minor diameter of the apical foramen
FUNCTIONAL MOTIONS OF INSTRUMENTATION
Several motions of manipulation are used for controlling the cutting activity of an endodontic instrument including:
Filing
Reaming
Watch Winding
Balanced Force Instrumentation.
Anti-curvature Filing
1. Filing
The term filing indicates a push- pull action with the instrument.
File is inserted into the canal up to the desired length
Pressure is exerted onto the side wall and withdrawn with upward force
Does not involve rotation of the file
Circumferential Filing
Instrument is first moved toward the buccal side, then re-inserted & removed slightly mesially. This continues around distal, buccal and lingual direction until all dentin walls have been prepared.
Enhances preparation when a flaring method is used by widening the orifice of the canal.
The term ream indicates clockwise rotation of an instrument.
File is inserted into the canal passively, rotated clockwise quarter turn and then removed with upward force
Usually used in straight canals as can cause elbow formation or straightening of curved canals
Carried out with K files only
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در تاریخ 1403/03/03 منتشر شده
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