Structural and Constitutional Isomers | MCAT Organic Chemistry Prep
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Need help preparing for the Organic Chemistry section of the MCAT? MedSchoolCoach expert, Ken Tao, will teach everything you need to know about structural and constitutional isomers. Watch this video to get all the MCAT study tips you need to do well on this section of the exam!
We will be discussing isomers, isomerism and the difference between configurations and conformations. Of the isomers that you’ll be expected to know about on the MCAT there are constitutional isomers, stereoisomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, epimers, anomers and a few more. We will be, over the course of several individual sections, be examining each one of these.
Constitutional isomers are those that share a chemical formula but do not share identical connectivity. These types of isomers usually have radically different properties and be considered only minimally related. Some examples are common rearrangements of pentane (C5H14) and cyclohexane (C6H12).
N-pentane turns out to just be the simplest case, that of a simple, linear and unbranched alkane. Next we have a case like isopentane. A fairly obvious constitutional isomer of pentane. Notice however how it has the exact same number of hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms. If it did not, it would fail to be a constitutional isomer. Neopentane, fulfills these requirements too.
For propanol, the functional group can easily change position too – yielding the two different constitutional isomers of propanol (the latter is often called isopropyl alcohol)2. Both structures have 3 carbons, 1 oxygen and 8 hydrogens
Functional isomers are another subtype of constitutional isomers. The added difference here is that the same atoms combine to form different functional groups. For instance, C2H6O can combine to form ethanol or dimethyl ether. This particular kind of constitutional isomer is most likely to display significant differences in chemical properties – in this instance, one is significantly less fun at parties than the other!
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We will be discussing isomers, isomerism and the difference between configurations and conformations. Of the isomers that you’ll be expected to know about on the MCAT there are constitutional isomers, stereoisomers, enantiomers, diastereomers, epimers, anomers and a few more. We will be, over the course of several individual sections, be examining each one of these.
Constitutional isomers are those that share a chemical formula but do not share identical connectivity. These types of isomers usually have radically different properties and be considered only minimally related. Some examples are common rearrangements of pentane (C5H14) and cyclohexane (C6H12).
N-pentane turns out to just be the simplest case, that of a simple, linear and unbranched alkane. Next we have a case like isopentane. A fairly obvious constitutional isomer of pentane. Notice however how it has the exact same number of hydrogen atoms and carbon atoms. If it did not, it would fail to be a constitutional isomer. Neopentane, fulfills these requirements too.
For propanol, the functional group can easily change position too – yielding the two different constitutional isomers of propanol (the latter is often called isopropyl alcohol)2. Both structures have 3 carbons, 1 oxygen and 8 hydrogens
Functional isomers are another subtype of constitutional isomers. The added difference here is that the same atoms combine to form different functional groups. For instance, C2H6O can combine to form ethanol or dimethyl ether. This particular kind of constitutional isomer is most likely to display significant differences in chemical properties – in this instance, one is significantly less fun at parties than the other!
MEDSCHOOLCOACH
To watch more MCAT video tutorials like this and have access to study scheduling, progress tracking, flashcard and question bank, download MCAT Prep by MedSchoolCoach
IOS Link: https://play.google.com/store/apps/de...
Apple Link: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/mcat-pr...
#medschoolcoach #MCATprep #MCATstudytools
4 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1399/08/06 منتشر شده
است.
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