Sensor Node – Hardware
1.5 هزار بار بازدید -
2 سال پیش
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A sensor node is made
A sensor node is made up of four basic components namely
sensing unit,
processing unit,
transceiver unit and
a power unit
The Sensing units are usually composed of two subunits –
sensors and analog to Digital Converters (ADCs).
The analog signals produced by the sensors are converted to digital signals by the ADC, and then fed into the processing unit.
The processing unit is generally associated with a small storage unit and
It can manage the procedures that make the sensor node collaborate with the other nodes
to carry out the assigned sensing tasks.
A transceiver unit connects the node to the network.
The power unit is one of the most important components of a sensor node.
Power units can be supported by a power scavenging unit such as solar cells.
The other subunits, of the node are application dependent.
In order for a WSN to operate properly, the sensor nodes require an
operating system,
a routing protocol,
and a simulator.
Modular design approach provides a flexible and versatile platform to address the needs of a wide variety of applications.
Depending on the sensors to be deployed, the signal conditioning block can be re-programmed or replaced.
This allows for a wide variety of different sensors to be used with the wireless sensing node.
The radio link may be swapped out as required for a given applications’ wireless range requirement and the need for bidirectional communications.
Using flash memory, the remote nodes acquire data on command from a base station, or
by an event sensed by one or more inputs to the node.
Moreover, the embedded firmware can be upgraded through the wireless network in the field.
The microcontroller has a number of functions as listed below,
Managing data collection from the sensors
Performing power management functions
Interfacing the sensor data to the physical radio layer
Managing the radio network protocol
A key aspect of any wireless sensing node is to minimize the power consumed by the system.
Usually, the radio subsystem requires the largest amount of power.
Therefore, data is sent over the radio network only when it is required.
sensing unit,
processing unit,
transceiver unit and
a power unit
The Sensing units are usually composed of two subunits –
sensors and analog to Digital Converters (ADCs).
The analog signals produced by the sensors are converted to digital signals by the ADC, and then fed into the processing unit.
The processing unit is generally associated with a small storage unit and
It can manage the procedures that make the sensor node collaborate with the other nodes
to carry out the assigned sensing tasks.
A transceiver unit connects the node to the network.
The power unit is one of the most important components of a sensor node.
Power units can be supported by a power scavenging unit such as solar cells.
The other subunits, of the node are application dependent.
In order for a WSN to operate properly, the sensor nodes require an
operating system,
a routing protocol,
and a simulator.
Modular design approach provides a flexible and versatile platform to address the needs of a wide variety of applications.
Depending on the sensors to be deployed, the signal conditioning block can be re-programmed or replaced.
This allows for a wide variety of different sensors to be used with the wireless sensing node.
The radio link may be swapped out as required for a given applications’ wireless range requirement and the need for bidirectional communications.
Using flash memory, the remote nodes acquire data on command from a base station, or
by an event sensed by one or more inputs to the node.
Moreover, the embedded firmware can be upgraded through the wireless network in the field.
The microcontroller has a number of functions as listed below,
Managing data collection from the sensors
Performing power management functions
Interfacing the sensor data to the physical radio layer
Managing the radio network protocol
A key aspect of any wireless sensing node is to minimize the power consumed by the system.
Usually, the radio subsystem requires the largest amount of power.
Therefore, data is sent over the radio network only when it is required.
2 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1401/09/11 منتشر شده
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