ELISA-Immuno Blotting Techniques-Pharmaceutical Biotechnology-Unit 4- B. Pharmacy 6 Sem--L.01

MS Science Academy
MS Science Academy
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ELISA is the basic assay technique, known as Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (also referred to as EIA: Enzyme Immunoassay) that is carried out to detect and measure antibodies, hormones, peptides and proteins in the blood. ELISA is an antigen antibody reaction. In 1971, ELISA was introduced by Peter Perlmann and Eva Engvall at Stockholm University in Sweden.

Principle of ELISA
In ELISA Test an enzyme-labeled secondary antibody mixed with antibody-antigen Complex, as a result, the enzyme will be combined with the test antigen or FC portion of the test antibody.  

Types of ELISA
There are presently four types of ELISA test such as;
 Direct ELISA Test (For Antigen Detection)
 Indirect ELISA Test (For Antigen Detection)
 Sandwich ELISA (For Antibody Detection)
 Combined ELISA (For Antibody Detection)

Application of ELISA test
There are several important application of ELISA such as;
1. Use for the detection of HIV.
2. In the food industry, it used for the detection of potential food allergens, such as milk, peanuts, walnuts, almonds, and eggs.
3. In toxicology ELISA used for rapid presumptive screening for certain classes of drugs.
4. ELISA used for the detection of different diseases, such as dengue, malaria, Chagas disease, Johne’s disease, etc.


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