Dört ehlisünnet mezhep nasıl oluşmuştur? | Prof. Dr. Hasan Onat
34.9 هزار بار بازدید -
6 سال پیش
-
How Did the Four Sunni
How Did the Four Sunni Sects Occur?
Prof. Dr. Hasan Onat
The four Sunni sects are truly included in the thinking world of Muslims today. First, let's talk about what these sects are. I will explain chronologically. The death of Imam-ı Azam (The Great Imam) Abu Hanifa's death is 150 Hijri. Then there was Imam Malik in the Hijri 170s. The death of Imam Shafi'i was between the years 204-205. Of these four mentioned sects, the last Ahmet Ibn Hanbal died in 241 Hijri. If we read the chronology well; Hanafi, the first of the four sects; was not present in Abu Hanifa's health. After Abu Hanifa passed away, more of his students, Abu Yusuf Abbasi, took part in the government, allowing Hanafi to spread more easily in different parts of the Abbasids. In other words, after Abu Hanifa passed away, a sect which we call Hanafi emerged. This is a very important finding. Then we talk about Imam Malik, who has contacts with Abu Hanifa. Subsequently, Imam Shafi Hijri 205, chronology of the second half of the second century and we have passed the third century. Later, in Hijri 241 Ahmet Ibn Hanbal. The coexistence of four of these four sects found the second half of the third century. When did the perception of the four sects develop in society? The Abbasid government saw the most serious threat from the Fatimid who emerged in Egypt. Despite the Fatimid spread, Salahudin Ayyubi, Ayyubids and Seljuks sought a recovery against Shiite spread. Here, in a modern term, it is called consolidating its base or, in order to hold the Sunni base together against the Shiite expansion, to gather it and keep it alive in front of the Shiite expansion, these four sect perceptions have appeared for a political purpose. The period of emerging is after the fourth century of Hijri. With the contribution of the Ayyubids and Seljuks in this framework; The Abbasids have been introduced to society by the concept of four deserving sects during that last period. Then let's make this determination; although the four sects’ statement appear to be a religious one, it is essentially a political one.
Once these issues are understood, we can examine the four sects as follows;
You cannot speak of any denomination being a right or superstition. Why? Because every sect has its right and wrong. When you say the right denominations, there will be superstitious denominations in return.
When you say four rights sects, you reduce Islam to four sects, which is contrary to the universality of Islam.
When you say four rights sects, those who belong to these sects can be interpreted as a different version of the salvation faction hadith, and you can see them as groups that are saved. This is both against Islam and against human reality.
When you say the right sect, do you see atheist, atheistic, agnostic people coming out of these sects? It might happen. So, do you think that among the groups that you do not regard as a right sect, does people come out as bright as the God Almighty want? Yes, they can. At that time, instead of rethinking the common denominator of Islam through the founding principles of the Qur'an, you can say that the beliefs of most individuals are rights or superstitions rather than saying that sects are rights and superstitions. Moreover, Islam's understanding of freedom does not give anyone the right to question the faith of anyone. La ikrahe fiddin - there is no compulsion in religion. This verse is truly a universal principle in these terms.
You cannot force anyone to enter any religion or Islam.
You cannot force anyone to fulfill the orders and prohibitions of Islam and their worship.
God Almighty has not authorized anyone to question the faith of another.
For these reasons, we need to reconsider the perception of four rights sects. What is essential here is to build the consciousness of the common denominator of Islam and to see the sects as a fact. If we can see it this way, different interpretations and different insights of the sects will open up the horizon for us and we will have the opportunity to benefit from them.
Prof. Dr. Hasan Onat
The four Sunni sects are truly included in the thinking world of Muslims today. First, let's talk about what these sects are. I will explain chronologically. The death of Imam-ı Azam (The Great Imam) Abu Hanifa's death is 150 Hijri. Then there was Imam Malik in the Hijri 170s. The death of Imam Shafi'i was between the years 204-205. Of these four mentioned sects, the last Ahmet Ibn Hanbal died in 241 Hijri. If we read the chronology well; Hanafi, the first of the four sects; was not present in Abu Hanifa's health. After Abu Hanifa passed away, more of his students, Abu Yusuf Abbasi, took part in the government, allowing Hanafi to spread more easily in different parts of the Abbasids. In other words, after Abu Hanifa passed away, a sect which we call Hanafi emerged. This is a very important finding. Then we talk about Imam Malik, who has contacts with Abu Hanifa. Subsequently, Imam Shafi Hijri 205, chronology of the second half of the second century and we have passed the third century. Later, in Hijri 241 Ahmet Ibn Hanbal. The coexistence of four of these four sects found the second half of the third century. When did the perception of the four sects develop in society? The Abbasid government saw the most serious threat from the Fatimid who emerged in Egypt. Despite the Fatimid spread, Salahudin Ayyubi, Ayyubids and Seljuks sought a recovery against Shiite spread. Here, in a modern term, it is called consolidating its base or, in order to hold the Sunni base together against the Shiite expansion, to gather it and keep it alive in front of the Shiite expansion, these four sect perceptions have appeared for a political purpose. The period of emerging is after the fourth century of Hijri. With the contribution of the Ayyubids and Seljuks in this framework; The Abbasids have been introduced to society by the concept of four deserving sects during that last period. Then let's make this determination; although the four sects’ statement appear to be a religious one, it is essentially a political one.
Once these issues are understood, we can examine the four sects as follows;
You cannot speak of any denomination being a right or superstition. Why? Because every sect has its right and wrong. When you say the right denominations, there will be superstitious denominations in return.
When you say four rights sects, you reduce Islam to four sects, which is contrary to the universality of Islam.
When you say four rights sects, those who belong to these sects can be interpreted as a different version of the salvation faction hadith, and you can see them as groups that are saved. This is both against Islam and against human reality.
When you say the right sect, do you see atheist, atheistic, agnostic people coming out of these sects? It might happen. So, do you think that among the groups that you do not regard as a right sect, does people come out as bright as the God Almighty want? Yes, they can. At that time, instead of rethinking the common denominator of Islam through the founding principles of the Qur'an, you can say that the beliefs of most individuals are rights or superstitions rather than saying that sects are rights and superstitions. Moreover, Islam's understanding of freedom does not give anyone the right to question the faith of anyone. La ikrahe fiddin - there is no compulsion in religion. This verse is truly a universal principle in these terms.
You cannot force anyone to enter any religion or Islam.
You cannot force anyone to fulfill the orders and prohibitions of Islam and their worship.
God Almighty has not authorized anyone to question the faith of another.
For these reasons, we need to reconsider the perception of four rights sects. What is essential here is to build the consciousness of the common denominator of Islam and to see the sects as a fact. If we can see it this way, different interpretations and different insights of the sects will open up the horizon for us and we will have the opportunity to benefit from them.
6 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1397/09/05 منتشر شده
است.
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