The Mysterious Genetic Origins of Neanderthals and Modern Humans
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Around 600,000 years ago, mysterious
Around 600,000 years ago, mysterious large-brained hominins using Acheulean stone tools invaded Europe. They've been dubbed archaic Homo sapiens, Homo heidelbergensis, and early Neanderthals, but their genetic origins remain a mystery. They could have been Neanderthals and modern humans' ancestors, Neanderthals only, or an evolutionary dead end.
This archaic human dispersal, which unfolded more than 600,000 years ago, bears a striking parallel to the much later dispersal of modern humans from Africa into Eurasia after 100,000 Years ago. In both cases, the small bottleneck is etched into the genomes of all their descendants, and in both cases, this founder population quickly expanded its geographic range and divided into regional populations. Far from the stereotype of plodding, retrograde cavemen, the Neanderthals exhibited explosive dispersal and growth. A growing synthesis of fossil and genetic data reveals the striking dynamism of these archaic people.
They were replaced later in the Middle Pleistocene by a wave of African hominins who separated Neanderthals from modern humans and introduced the Levallois stone tool tradition to Europe, according to this last hypothesis. Scientists used a statistical method to study genetic data from Africans, Eurasians, Neanderthals, and Denisovans to address this controversy. Remarkably, the common origin of modern humans, Neanderthals, and Denisovans is earlier than 600,000, but no known fossil in Africa or Southwest Asia provides a good candidate for this population.
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29562232/
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1706426114#:~:text=Neanderthals%20and%20Denisovans%20were%20human,interbreeding%20during%20the%20Late%20Pleistocene.
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در تاریخ 1402/09/05 منتشر شده
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