Tool Nomenclature of Milling Cutter | Engineering Study Materials
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Tool Nomenclature of Milling Cutter
Tool Nomenclature of Milling Cutter | Engineering Study Materials.
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Milling cutters are cutting tools typically used in milling machines or machining centres to perform milling operations (and occasionally in other machine tools). They remove material by their movement within the machine (e.g., a ball nose mill) or directly from the cutter's shape (e.g., a form tool such as a hobbing cutter).
Milling cutters come in several shapes and many sizes. There is also a choice of coatings, as well as rake angle and number of cutting surfaces.
Shape: Several standard shapes of milling cutter are used in industry today, which are explained in more detail below.
Flutes / teeth: The flutes of the milling bit are the deep helical grooves running up the cutter, while the sharp blade along the edge of the flute is known as the tooth. The tooth cuts the material, and chips of this material are pulled up the flute by the rotation of the cutter. There is almost always one tooth per flute, but some cutters have two teeth per flute.[1] Often, the words flute and tooth are used interchangeably. Milling cutters may have from one to many teeth, with 2, 3 and 4 being most common. Typically, the more teeth a cutter has, the more rapidly it can remove material. So, a 4-tooth cutter can remove material at twice the rate of a 2-tooth cutter.
Helix angle: The flutes of a milling cutter are almost always helical. If the flutes were straight, the whole tooth would impact the material at once, causing vibration and reducing accuracy and surface quality. Setting the flutes at an angle allows the tooth to enter the material gradually, reducing vibration. Typically, finishing cutters have a higher rake angle (tighter helix) to give a better finish.
Center cutting: Some milling cutters can drill straight down (plunge) through the material, while others cannot. This is because the teeth of some cutters do not go all the way to the centre of the end face. However, these cutters can cut downwards at an angle of 45 degrees or so.
Roughing or Finishing: Different types of cutter are available for cutting away large amounts of material, leaving a poor surface finish (roughing), or removing a smaller amount of material, but leaving a good surface finish (finishing). A roughing cutter may have serrated teeth for breaking the chips of material into smaller pieces. These teeth leave a rough surface behind. A finishing cutter may have a large number (4 or more) teeth for removing material carefully. However, the large number of flutes leaves little room for efficient swarf removal, so they are less appropriate for removing large amounts of material.
Types
End Mill
Roughing end mill
Ball cutter
Slab mill
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Tool Nomenclature of Milling Cutter Engineering Study Materials,nomenclature of milling cutter,milling cutter geometry animation,milling cutter nomenclature ppt,milling cutter drawing in hindi,milling cutter tool nomenclature,milling cutter engineering study materials,milling cutter geometry nptel,milling cutter nptel,milling cutter geometry engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter and drillsTool Nomenclature of Milling Cutter Engineering Study Materials,nomenclature of milling cutter,milling cutter geometry animation,milling cutter nomenclature ppt,milling cutter drawing in hindi,milling cutter tool nomenclature,milling cutter engineering study materials,milling cutter geometry nptel,milling cutter nptel,milling cutter geometry engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter and drills
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Milling cutters are cutting tools typically used in milling machines or machining centres to perform milling operations (and occasionally in other machine tools). They remove material by their movement within the machine (e.g., a ball nose mill) or directly from the cutter's shape (e.g., a form tool such as a hobbing cutter).
Milling cutters come in several shapes and many sizes. There is also a choice of coatings, as well as rake angle and number of cutting surfaces.
Shape: Several standard shapes of milling cutter are used in industry today, which are explained in more detail below.
Flutes / teeth: The flutes of the milling bit are the deep helical grooves running up the cutter, while the sharp blade along the edge of the flute is known as the tooth. The tooth cuts the material, and chips of this material are pulled up the flute by the rotation of the cutter. There is almost always one tooth per flute, but some cutters have two teeth per flute.[1] Often, the words flute and tooth are used interchangeably. Milling cutters may have from one to many teeth, with 2, 3 and 4 being most common. Typically, the more teeth a cutter has, the more rapidly it can remove material. So, a 4-tooth cutter can remove material at twice the rate of a 2-tooth cutter.
Helix angle: The flutes of a milling cutter are almost always helical. If the flutes were straight, the whole tooth would impact the material at once, causing vibration and reducing accuracy and surface quality. Setting the flutes at an angle allows the tooth to enter the material gradually, reducing vibration. Typically, finishing cutters have a higher rake angle (tighter helix) to give a better finish.
Center cutting: Some milling cutters can drill straight down (plunge) through the material, while others cannot. This is because the teeth of some cutters do not go all the way to the centre of the end face. However, these cutters can cut downwards at an angle of 45 degrees or so.
Roughing or Finishing: Different types of cutter are available for cutting away large amounts of material, leaving a poor surface finish (roughing), or removing a smaller amount of material, but leaving a good surface finish (finishing). A roughing cutter may have serrated teeth for breaking the chips of material into smaller pieces. These teeth leave a rough surface behind. A finishing cutter may have a large number (4 or more) teeth for removing material carefully. However, the large number of flutes leaves little room for efficient swarf removal, so they are less appropriate for removing large amounts of material.
Types
End Mill
Roughing end mill
Ball cutter
Slab mill
Video Tags:
Tool Nomenclature of Milling Cutter Engineering Study Materials,nomenclature of milling cutter,milling cutter geometry animation,milling cutter nomenclature ppt,milling cutter drawing in hindi,milling cutter tool nomenclature,milling cutter engineering study materials,milling cutter geometry nptel,milling cutter nptel,milling cutter geometry engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter and drills
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Tool Nomenclature of Milling Cutter Engineering Study Materials,nomenclature of milling cutter,milling cutter geometry animation,milling cutter nomenclature ppt,milling cutter drawing in hindi,milling cutter tool nomenclature,milling cutter engineering study materials,milling cutter geometry nptel,milling cutter nptel,milling cutter geometry engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter and drillsTool Nomenclature of Milling Cutter Engineering Study Materials,nomenclature of milling cutter,milling cutter geometry animation,milling cutter nomenclature ppt,milling cutter drawing in hindi,milling cutter tool nomenclature,milling cutter engineering study materials,milling cutter geometry nptel,milling cutter nptel,milling cutter geometry engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter engineering study materials,tool geometry of milling cutter and drills
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