Crystal Habit, Mineral Color, Luster, Cleavage, Hardness, Density, Solubility- Mineralogy | GEO GIRL
22.1 هزار بار بازدید -
3 سال پیش
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The first in a series
The first in a series of videos covering Mineralogy (here's the playlist: ). Crystal habit is the macro- or large-scale shape of crystal that characterizes a mineral. Quartz crystal habit is typically prismatic, aragonite is commonly columnar in crystal habit, natrolite can have a acicular or needle-like crysal habit, kyanite can have a bladed crystal habit, muscovite is often foliated, millerite can be capillary, spertentine is typically fibrous, mn oxides are often dendritic, but not all minerals have a crystal habit. When minerals are structure-less, we call their crystal habit massive. Minerals can also be characterized by their state of aggregation, which include granular, compact, banded, botryoidal, reniform, stalatitic, geode, oolitic, & pisolitic. Mineral can be pretty much any color, including, pink, red, blue, turquoise, green, yellow, transparent, black, gray, brown, etc! The color of a mineral is the light that is not absorbed by the mineral, and bright mineral colors are typically due to transition metals within the mineral either present as trace impurities or as major constituents in the mineral. Opalescence and labradorescence are caused by the interaction of light with tiny regularly packed array of atoms, silica spheres in the case of opal, which contains water cemented together by amorphous silica. Mineral can have metallic, adamantine, glassy, resinous, pearly, silky, or dull mineral lusters. Many minerals can be characterized by multiple luster types depending on their form. Mineral streaks can also be used to identify minerals in hand sample. The cleavage of minerals shows how the mineral breaks along predictable planes. The only minerals that do not break along cleavage planes as amorphous minerals such as obsidian or chert. Mineral hardness is another factor that helps identify minerals. On the Mohs hardness scale, talc has a hardness of 1 (the softest), gypsum has a hardness of 2, calcite has a hardness of 3, fluorite has a hardness of 4, apatite has a hardness of 5, orthoclase felspar has a hardness of 6, quartz has a hardness of 7, topaz has a hardness of 8, corundum has a hardness of 9, and diamond is the hardest mineral with a hardness of 10. Specific gravity of minerals can also be helpful for identifying minerals. Metal-contianing minerals are much heavier than non-metal containing minerals. Reactivity can also be tested with HCl acid which should react with calcite, but not other similar looking minerals like halite.
Reference: Earth Materials by Cornelis Klein: https://amzn.to/3in09gG
GEO GIRL Website: https://www.geogirlscience.com/ (visit my website to see all my courses, shop merch, learn more about me, and donate to support the channel if you'd like!)
0:00 Video Outline
0:23 Crystal Habits
1:36 Mineral States of Aggregation
3:58 Mineral Color
5:05 Reason for Mineral Colors
9:25 Play of Color in Minerals
10:28 Mineral Luster
11:20 Mineral Streak
12:07 Mineral Cleavage
14:35 Mineral Hardness
17:32 Mineral Specific Gravity
18:44 Mineral Magnetism, Solubility, & Radioactivity
Directly offset your carbon footprint with Wren: https://shrsl.com/3d0t2
Non-textbook books I recommend:
Oxygen by D. Canfield: https://amzn.to/3gffbCL
Brief history of Earth by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/3w3hC1I
Life on young planet by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/2RBMpny
Your inner fish by N. Shubin: https://amzn.to/3cpw3Wb
Oxygen by N. Lane: https://amzn.to/3z4FgwZ
Alien Oceans by K. Hand: https://amzn.to/3clMx1l
Tools I use as a geologist/teacher/student:
Geology field notebook: https://amzn.to/3lb6dJf
Geology rock hammer: https://amzn.to/3DZw8MA
Geological compass: https://amzn.to/3hfbdLu
Geological hand lens: https://amzn.to/3jXysM5
Camera: https://amzn.to/3l6fGRT
Carbon-neutral backpack: https://shrsl.com/3cvkc
Disclaimer: Links in this description may be affiliate links. If you purchase a product with the links I provide I may receive a small commission, but there is no additional charge to you!
Reference: Earth Materials by Cornelis Klein: https://amzn.to/3in09gG
GEO GIRL Website: https://www.geogirlscience.com/ (visit my website to see all my courses, shop merch, learn more about me, and donate to support the channel if you'd like!)
0:00 Video Outline
0:23 Crystal Habits
1:36 Mineral States of Aggregation
3:58 Mineral Color
5:05 Reason for Mineral Colors
9:25 Play of Color in Minerals
10:28 Mineral Luster
11:20 Mineral Streak
12:07 Mineral Cleavage
14:35 Mineral Hardness
17:32 Mineral Specific Gravity
18:44 Mineral Magnetism, Solubility, & Radioactivity
Directly offset your carbon footprint with Wren: https://shrsl.com/3d0t2
Non-textbook books I recommend:
Oxygen by D. Canfield: https://amzn.to/3gffbCL
Brief history of Earth by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/3w3hC1I
Life on young planet by A. Knoll: https://amzn.to/2RBMpny
Your inner fish by N. Shubin: https://amzn.to/3cpw3Wb
Oxygen by N. Lane: https://amzn.to/3z4FgwZ
Alien Oceans by K. Hand: https://amzn.to/3clMx1l
Tools I use as a geologist/teacher/student:
Geology field notebook: https://amzn.to/3lb6dJf
Geology rock hammer: https://amzn.to/3DZw8MA
Geological compass: https://amzn.to/3hfbdLu
Geological hand lens: https://amzn.to/3jXysM5
Camera: https://amzn.to/3l6fGRT
Carbon-neutral backpack: https://shrsl.com/3cvkc
Disclaimer: Links in this description may be affiliate links. If you purchase a product with the links I provide I may receive a small commission, but there is no additional charge to you!
3 سال پیش
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