GENERAL ANAESTHETICS | EXAMPLES | MECHANISM OF ACTION | USES | SIDE EFFECTS | CONTRAINDICATIONS
61.9 هزار بار بازدید -
4 سال پیش
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GENERAL ANAESTHETICS | EXAMPLES |
GENERAL ANAESTHETICS | EXAMPLES | MECHANISM OF ACTION | USES | SIDE EFFECTS | CONTRAINDICATIONS
ANAESTHETICS
Anaesthetics: An anaesthetic is a drug or agent that produces a complete or partial loss of feeling.
There are three kinds of anaesthetic: general, regional and local.
When a patient undergoes a general anaesthetic, they lose sensation and become unconscious.
GENERAL ANESTHESIA
General anesthesia is an anesthetic used to induce unconsciousness during surgery.
The medicine is either inhaled through a breathing mask or tube, or given through an intravenous (IV) line.
A breathing tube may be inserted into the windpipe to maintain proper breathing during surgery.
GENERAL ANAESTHETICS CLASSIFICATION
Inhalational Anaesthetics:
Gas
Nitrous oxide
Volatile liquids Anaesthetics:
Ether
Halothane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Desflurane
Sevoflurane
Intravenous Anaesthetics:
Inducing agents
Thiopentone sod.
Methohexitone sod
Propofol
Etomidate
Slower acting drugs as Anaesthetics:
Benzodiazepines
Diazepam
Lorazepam
Midazolam
Dissociative anaesthesia
Ketamine
Opioid analgesia
Fentanyl
MECHANISM OF ACTION OF GENERAL ANAESTHETICS
In general the anaesthetics inhibit or block excitatory ligand-gated ion channels and enhance the sensitivity of inhibitory ion channels such as γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor.
Blockade of the ion channel in the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) type of glutamate receptor by ketamine aroused great interest.
INDICATIONS & USES OF GENERAL ANAESTHETICS
General anesthesia is an anesthetics used to induce unconsciousness during surgery.
Unconsciousness (loss of awareness)
Analgesia (loss of response to pain)
Amnesia (loss of memory)
Immobility (loss of motor reflexes)
Paralysis (skeletal muscle relaxation and normal muscle relaxation)
CONTRAINDICATIONS OF GENERAL ANAESTHETICS
Relative contraindications include patients with medical conditions that are not optimized
Prior to elective surgery
Patients with a difficult airway, or
Other significant comorbidities
Severe aortic stenosis
Significant pulmonary disease
CHF, etc.
SIDE EFFECTS OF GENERAL ANAESTHETICS
Pain.
Nausea and vomiting - up to 30% of patients.
Damage to teeth.
Sore throat and laryngeal damage.
Anaphylaxis to anaesthetic agents - approximately 1 in 3,000.
Cardiovascular collapse.
Respiratory depression.
LOCAL ANAESTHETICS | BASIC USE OF MEDICINE | CLASSIFICATION | MECHANISM OF ACTION | SIDE EFFECTS
LOCAL ANAESTHETICS | BASIC USE OF MED...
#ANAESTHETICS
#GENERALANAESTHETICS
👨🏼🏫 THIS EXPERT LECTURE BY 👨🏼🏫
MR AMAR M RAVAL
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
FOUNDER PHARMAROCKS
PHD SCOLAR (GTU AHMEDABAD)
☎️ CONTACT: 9016312020
📱 PHARMAROCKS E-LEARNING APP
📚 STUDY MATERIAL
👨🏼🏫 VIDEO LECTURE
📊 TEST SERIES
Available for Android and app iPhone & ipad
📱 ANDROID APP LINK https://play.google.com/store/apps/de...
📲 APPLE iPhone LINK
https://apps.apple.com/in/app/my-inst...
📝 Org Code for iPhone = PHARMA
☎️ HELPLINE 9016312020
USE OUR MOBILE APP: https://play.google.com/tore/apps/det...
Follow us on various social sites
YouTube: pharmarocksthewayofsuccess
Instagram: Instagram: pharmarocks
Facebook: Facebook: PHARMAROCKS77
Whatsapp helpline: 9016312020
Whatsapp group join: 9426180836
EMAIL ID: [email protected]
GENERAL ANAESTHETICS CLASSIFICATION
Inhalational Anaesthetics:
Gas
Nitrous oxide
Volatile liquids Anaesthetics:
#Ether
#Halothane
#Enflurane
#Isoflurane
#Desflurane
#Sevoflurane
Intravenous Anaesthetics:
Inducing agents
Thiopentone sod.
Methohexitone sod
#Propofol
#Etomidate
Slower acting drugs as Anaesthetics:
#Benzodiazepines
#Diazepam
#Lorazepam
#Midazolam
#Dissociativeanaesthesia
#Ketamine
Opioid analgesia
#Fentanyl
ANAESTHETICS
Anaesthetics: An anaesthetic is a drug or agent that produces a complete or partial loss of feeling.
There are three kinds of anaesthetic: general, regional and local.
When a patient undergoes a general anaesthetic, they lose sensation and become unconscious.
GENERAL ANESTHESIA
General anesthesia is an anesthetic used to induce unconsciousness during surgery.
The medicine is either inhaled through a breathing mask or tube, or given through an intravenous (IV) line.
A breathing tube may be inserted into the windpipe to maintain proper breathing during surgery.
GENERAL ANAESTHETICS CLASSIFICATION
Inhalational Anaesthetics:
Gas
Nitrous oxide
Volatile liquids Anaesthetics:
Ether
Halothane
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Desflurane
Sevoflurane
Intravenous Anaesthetics:
Inducing agents
Thiopentone sod.
Methohexitone sod
Propofol
Etomidate
Slower acting drugs as Anaesthetics:
Benzodiazepines
Diazepam
Lorazepam
Midazolam
Dissociative anaesthesia
Ketamine
Opioid analgesia
Fentanyl
MECHANISM OF ACTION OF GENERAL ANAESTHETICS
In general the anaesthetics inhibit or block excitatory ligand-gated ion channels and enhance the sensitivity of inhibitory ion channels such as γ-aminobutyric acid A (GABAA) receptor.
Blockade of the ion channel in the N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) type of glutamate receptor by ketamine aroused great interest.
INDICATIONS & USES OF GENERAL ANAESTHETICS
General anesthesia is an anesthetics used to induce unconsciousness during surgery.
Unconsciousness (loss of awareness)
Analgesia (loss of response to pain)
Amnesia (loss of memory)
Immobility (loss of motor reflexes)
Paralysis (skeletal muscle relaxation and normal muscle relaxation)
CONTRAINDICATIONS OF GENERAL ANAESTHETICS
Relative contraindications include patients with medical conditions that are not optimized
Prior to elective surgery
Patients with a difficult airway, or
Other significant comorbidities
Severe aortic stenosis
Significant pulmonary disease
CHF, etc.
SIDE EFFECTS OF GENERAL ANAESTHETICS
Pain.
Nausea and vomiting - up to 30% of patients.
Damage to teeth.
Sore throat and laryngeal damage.
Anaphylaxis to anaesthetic agents - approximately 1 in 3,000.
Cardiovascular collapse.
Respiratory depression.
LOCAL ANAESTHETICS | BASIC USE OF MEDICINE | CLASSIFICATION | MECHANISM OF ACTION | SIDE EFFECTS
LOCAL ANAESTHETICS | BASIC USE OF MED...
#ANAESTHETICS
#GENERALANAESTHETICS
👨🏼🏫 THIS EXPERT LECTURE BY 👨🏼🏫
MR AMAR M RAVAL
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
FOUNDER PHARMAROCKS
PHD SCOLAR (GTU AHMEDABAD)
☎️ CONTACT: 9016312020
📱 PHARMAROCKS E-LEARNING APP
📚 STUDY MATERIAL
👨🏼🏫 VIDEO LECTURE
📊 TEST SERIES
Available for Android and app iPhone & ipad
📱 ANDROID APP LINK https://play.google.com/store/apps/de...
📲 APPLE iPhone LINK
https://apps.apple.com/in/app/my-inst...
📝 Org Code for iPhone = PHARMA
☎️ HELPLINE 9016312020
USE OUR MOBILE APP: https://play.google.com/tore/apps/det...
Follow us on various social sites
YouTube: pharmarocksthewayofsuccess
Instagram: Instagram: pharmarocks
Facebook: Facebook: PHARMAROCKS77
Whatsapp helpline: 9016312020
Whatsapp group join: 9426180836
EMAIL ID: [email protected]
GENERAL ANAESTHETICS CLASSIFICATION
Inhalational Anaesthetics:
Gas
Nitrous oxide
Volatile liquids Anaesthetics:
#Ether
#Halothane
#Enflurane
#Isoflurane
#Desflurane
#Sevoflurane
Intravenous Anaesthetics:
Inducing agents
Thiopentone sod.
Methohexitone sod
#Propofol
#Etomidate
Slower acting drugs as Anaesthetics:
#Benzodiazepines
#Diazepam
#Lorazepam
#Midazolam
#Dissociativeanaesthesia
#Ketamine
Opioid analgesia
#Fentanyl
4 سال پیش
در تاریخ 1399/09/03 منتشر شده
است.
61,971
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