سخنرانی ماریو رودریگز در کارگاه زبانشناسی پایه با دکتر پانته‌آ. نبی‌ئیان

REFLECTION ON EXTINCT LANGUAGES An honor to greet you and allow me to make some reflections on indigenous languages that are extinct or in the process of disappearing. I would first like to point out that studies on pre-colonial culture first support the need to correct the ancestral error of calling indigenous cultures, as a result of the error of the discoverers of having believed that they had reached the Indies, because they did not imagine that between the old world and In the Indies there was a continent, that error is the reason why we continue saying indigenous languages to the original languages. Moving on to the topic at hand, colonization in America was marked by an imposing and totalitarian attitude, intolerant, derived from the sometimes bloody religious colonization process that even caused the colonizers to be prohibited from communicating in their original languages, in part, by the fear of not finding out about possible revolts or uprisings opposed to the conquest or colonization. But there was also resistance and mistrust by many native groups to communicate in the new language which they called "Castile" and which they refused to accept, which influenced the preservation of many languages that are still preserved. Unfortunately languages like: 500 languages used by the native peoples before the arrival of the conquerors have been documented. It can be seen that 143 disappeared during the colony, and in 1910, six disappeared. Conservative calculations estimate that by the year 2035, 80% of the languages that are still preserved could become extinct. The National Institute of Statistics and Geography of Mexico (INEGI) maintains the criterion of considering that for a language to be in high danger of extinction, it must be spoken by less than 100 people. In Mexico, the languages that are in extreme danger of extinction are Ku'ahl and Kiliwa from Baja California, Awakateko from Campeche, Mocho' from Chiapas, Ayapaneco from Tabasco, Nebajeño Ixil and Kaqchikel from Quintana Roo, Zapotec from Mixtepec, and Ixcatec and Zapotec from San Felipe Tejalápam of Oaxaca. 60% of these lengus are already at high risk of extinction. I suppose that with the advancement of modernity and the new means of communication there are two possibilities: that there are people interested in speaking and thereby rescuing languages in danger of extinction or that they become extinct due to lack of practical use. As an example, in the region of Oaxaca, Puebla and Guerrero, the Ñuu savi language is spoken, which is known by its name in Nahuatl. Mixteco (people of rain or clouds) but the study of this language shows that ancestral languages reflect the philosophy and idiosyncrasy of their peoples, for example, the concept of love, is not a word that represents what the world understands Western, it is not an individual way of expression, because in that people love is a generalized feeling that is interpreted more as the brotherhood that should exist between human beings.

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